Multimodal investigation of emotional reactivity as a predictor of later psychopathology in infants at risk for ASD

情绪反应作为自闭症谱系障碍婴儿后期精神病理学预测因子的多模式研究

• 批准号: 10613533
• 负责人: KATARZYNA CHAWARSKA
• 金额: $ 73.79万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10613533
• 关键词: Affective; Age Months; Aggressive behavior; Anger; Anxiety; Area; Arousal; Attention; Attenuated; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Characteristics; Clinical; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Early identification; Emotional; Emotions; Exhibits; Face; Family; Feeling suicidal; Foundations; Fright; Future; General Population; Genetic; Goals; Health Services Accessibility; Hospitalization; Impairment; Impulsivity; Infant; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Link; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modality; Moods; Nature; Negative Valence; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Population; Positive Valence; Psychopathology; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Risk; Risk Factors; Severities; Siblings; Social Environment; Standardization; Statistical Models; Stress; Symptoms; System; TFF1 gene; Temperament; Toddler; Vulnerable Populations; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; behavior measurement; clinical care; cohort; comorbidity; depressive symptoms; disorder risk; early childhood; emotional reaction; high risk; high risk infant; improved; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; infancy; innovation; longitudinal design; multimodality; novel; personalized diagnostics; predictive marker; preventive intervention; prospective; repetitive behavior; response; showing emotion; social; social deficits; social vulnerability; treatment services; two-dimensional

SUMMARY Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social impairments and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Those with a genetic liability for social deficits, including individuals with ASD and their unaffected relatives are also at high risk for internalizing and externalizing conditions. The presence of comorbid affective and behavioral conditions impairs adaptive functioning, increases family stress, and is associated with psychiatric hospitalizations and residential placement. Identification of risk factors for internalizing and externalizing disorders amongst young children with ASD and their siblings would improve diagnostic practices and promote implementation of preventative and early interventions. Extensive research in the general population indicates that precursors of internalizing and externalizing disorders can be identified in the first two years of life as indexed by elevated or attenuated levels of Emotional Reactivity (eReactivity), or intensity of emotional reactions in response to internal or external triggers. Extant, albeit limited, evidence suggests that toddlers with ASD and their unaffected siblings exhibit atypical eReactivity profiles both on the behavioral and physiological levels, though the evidence is incomplete and both their origins and the links with later psychopathology are largely unknown. To fill this gap, we propose to prospectively examine the development of eReactivity from 4 to 30 months in 150 younger siblings of children with ASD, who, due to familial factors, are at high risk for developing ASD (HR) and 30 low-risk (LR) siblings. We plan to examine eReactivity to real- world triggers aimed to elicit fear, anger, and joy, and to evaluate the effects of the social and nonsocial nature of the triggers on eReactivity across the three emotions using a state-of-the-art multi-method behavioral and physiological approach. Aim 1 will evaluate prospectively whether the HRASD group (siblings with ASD), HRATP (siblings with developmental challenges), and HRTD (siblings without developmental challenges) are characterized by distinct patterns of eReactivity to social vs nonsocial triggers as measured by behavioral and physiological indices between 4 and 30 months compared to the LRTD group. The aim will clarify if differential emotional reactivity to social and nonsocial triggers constitutes an emerging characteristic of the autism phenotype in ASD. Aim 2 will examine predictive relationships between development of eReactivity in infancy and severity of internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 30 months. Identification of early predictors of internalizing/externalizing problems will facilitate access to early interventions aimed at amelioration of behavioral and emotional challenges. Consistent with the Research Domain Criteria research framework recommendations, the project (1) employs multiple levels of analysis, (2) investigates negative and positive valence systems as well as arousal systems, and (3) examines a spectrum of ASD risk with long-term goals of improving diagnostic precision in ASD and enabling discovery of novel treatment targets and interventions both during prodromal and early syndromal stages of the disorder.

概括 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是社会障碍和限制和重复 行为。那些对社会缺陷有遗传责任的人，包括ASD及其未受影响的人 亲戚也有内在化和外部化条件的高风险。合并情感的存在 行为条件会损害自适应功能，增加家庭压力，并与 精神病住院和住宅安置。确定内在化和 ASD及其兄弟姐妹的年幼儿童中的疾病将改善诊断实践 并促进预防和早期干预的实施。一般研究 人口表明可以在前两个中识别内化和外在疾病的前体 通过升高或衰减的情绪反应性（反应性）或强度的强度 响应内部或外部触发因素的情绪反应。现存，尽管有限，但证据表明 与ASD及其未受影响的兄弟姐妹的幼儿在行为和 生理水平，尽管证据不完整，它们的起源和与以后的联系 心理病理学基本上未知。为了填补这一空白，我们建议前瞻性地检查发展 在150名ASD儿童的年轻兄弟姐妹中，从4到30个月进行反应性，由于家族因素， 患ASD（HR）和30个低风险（LR）兄弟姐妹的风险很高。我们计划检查对现实的反应性 世界触发者旨在引起恐惧，愤怒和喜悦，并评估社会和非社会性质的影响 使用最先进的多方法行为和 生理方法。 AIM 1将预期评估HRASD组（ASD的兄弟姐妹），HRATP是否 （具有发展挑战的兄弟姐妹）和HRTD（没有发展挑战的兄弟姐妹） 以行为和 与LRTD组相比，生理指数在4到30个月之间。目的将阐明是否差异 对社会和非社会触发者的情感反应性构成了自闭症的新特征 ASD中的表型。 AIM 2将检查婴儿期反应性发展之间的预测关系 30个月内内在化和外在症状的严重性。识别早期预测指标 内部化/外部化问题将有助于获得旨在改善的早期干预措施 行为和情感挑战。与研究领域标准研究框架一致 建议，该项目（1）采用多个分析，（2）调查负面和阳性 价系统和唤醒系统，（3）检查了ASD风险的范围，长期目标 提高ASD的诊断精度，并能够发现新的治疗目标和干预措施 在疾病的前驱综合症和早期综合阶段。