Multimodal investigation of emotional reactivity as a predictor of later psychopathology in infants at risk for ASD

情绪反应作为自闭症谱系障碍婴儿后期精神病理学预测因子的多模式研究

基本信息

批准号：
10296223
负责人：
KATARZYNA CHAWARSKA
金额：
$ 82.32万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-01 至 2026-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10296223
关键词：
Affective Age-Months Aggressive behavior Anger Anxiety Area Arousal Attention Attenuated Behavioral Biological Markers Characteristics Clinical Data Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Early Diagnosis Early Intervention Early identification Emotional Emotions Exhibits Face Family Feeling suicidal Foundations Fright Future General Population Genetic Goals Health Services Accessibility Hospitalization Impairment Impulsivity Infant Intervention Investigation Knowledge Level of Evidence Life Link Measurement Measures Methods Modality Moods Nature Negative Valence Outcome Parents Pattern Phenotype Physiological Population Positive Valence Psychopathology Recommendation Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Risk Risk Factors Severities Siblings Social Environment Standardization Statistical Models Stress Symptoms Syndrome System Temperament Toddler Vulnerable Populations autism spectrum disorder autistic children behavior measurement clinical care cohort comorbidity depressive symptoms disorder risk early childhood emotional reaction high risk high risk infant improved indexing individuals with autism spectrum disorder infancy innovation longitudinal design multimodality novel personalized diagnostics predictive marker preventive intervention prospective repetitive behavior response showing emotion social social deficits social vulnerability treatment services two-dimensional

项目摘要

SUMMARY Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social impairments and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Those with a genetic liability for social deficits, including individuals with ASD and their unaffected relatives are also at high risk for internalizing and externalizing conditions. The presence of comorbid affective and behavioral conditions impairs adaptive functioning, increases family stress, and is associated with psychiatric hospitalizations and residential placement. Identification of risk factors for internalizing and externalizing disorders amongst young children with ASD and their siblings would improve diagnostic practices and promote implementation of preventative and early interventions. Extensive research in the general population indicates that precursors of internalizing and externalizing disorders can be identified in the first two years of life as indexed by elevated or attenuated levels of Emotional Reactivity (eReactivity), or intensity of emotional reactions in response to internal or external triggers. Extant, albeit limited, evidence suggests that toddlers with ASD and their unaffected siblings exhibit atypical eReactivity profiles both on the behavioral and physiological levels, though the evidence is incomplete and both their origins and the links with later psychopathology are largely unknown. To fill this gap, we propose to prospectively examine the development of eReactivity from 4 to 30 months in 150 younger siblings of children with ASD, who, due to familial factors, are at high risk for developing ASD (HR) and 30 low-risk (LR) siblings. We plan to examine eReactivity to real- world triggers aimed to elicit fear, anger, and joy, and to evaluate the effects of the social and nonsocial nature of the triggers on eReactivity across the three emotions using a state-of-the-art multi-method behavioral and physiological approach. Aim 1 will evaluate prospectively whether the HRASD group (siblings with ASD), HRATP (siblings with developmental challenges), and HRTD (siblings without developmental challenges) are characterized by distinct patterns of eReactivity to social vs nonsocial triggers as measured by behavioral and physiological indices between 4 and 30 months compared to the LRTD group. The aim will clarify if differential emotional reactivity to social and nonsocial triggers constitutes an emerging characteristic of the autism phenotype in ASD. Aim 2 will examine predictive relationships between development of eReactivity in infancy and severity of internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 30 months. Identification of early predictors of internalizing/externalizing problems will facilitate access to early interventions aimed at amelioration of behavioral and emotional challenges. Consistent with the Research Domain Criteria research framework recommendations, the project (1) employs multiple levels of analysis, (2) investigates negative and positive valence systems as well as arousal systems, and (3) examines a spectrum of ASD risk with long-term goals of improving diagnostic precision in ASD and enabling discovery of novel treatment targets and interventions both during prodromal and early syndromal stages of the disorder.

概括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是社交障碍以及受限和重复行为。那些对社会缺陷有遗传责任的人，包括自闭症谱系障碍患者及其未受影响的人亲属也面临着内化和外化条件的高风险。共病情感的存在和行为条件会损害适应功能，增加家庭压力，并与精神病住院和住院安置。识别风险因素并内化将患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的幼儿及其兄弟姐妹的疾病外化将改善诊断实践并促进预防性和早期干预措施的实施。一般性的广泛研究人群表明，内化和外化疾病的前兆可以在前两种中识别出来以情绪反应性（eReactivity）的升高或减弱水平或情绪强度为指标的生命年数对内部或外部触发因素的情绪反应。现有证据（尽管有限）表明患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的幼儿及其未受影响的兄弟姐妹在行为和行为方面都表现出非典型的电子反应特征生理水平，尽管证据不完整，而且它们的起源以及与后来的联系精神病理学在很大程度上是未知的。为了填补这一空白，我们建议前瞻性地研究发展对 150 名患有 ASD 儿童的弟弟妹妹进行 4 至 30 个月的 eReactivity 分析，这些儿童由于家庭因素，患有 ASD (HR) 的高风险和 30 个低风险 (LR) 的兄弟姐妹。我们计划检查 eReactivity 是否真实- 世界触发器旨在引起恐惧、愤怒和喜悦，并评估社会和非社会性质的影响使用最先进的多方法行为和行为分析来确定三种情绪的电子反应性触发因素生理学方法。目标 1 将前瞻性评估 HRASD 组（患有 ASD 的兄弟姐妹）、HRATP （有发展挑战的兄弟姐妹）和 HRTD（没有发展挑战的兄弟姐妹）其特征是对社交与非社交触发因素的电子反应的不同模式，通过行为和行为来衡量与 LRTD 组相比，4 至 30 个月的生理指标。目标将澄清是否存在差异对社会和非社会触发因素的情绪反应构成了自闭症的一个新特征自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的表型。目标 2 将检查婴儿期 eReactivity 发展之间的预测关系以及 30 个月时内化和外化症状的严重程度。识别早期预测因子内化/外化问题将有助于获得旨在改善的早期干预措施行为和情感挑战。符合研究领域标准研究框架建议，该项目 (1) 采用多层次分析，(2) 调查负面和正面价系统和唤醒系统，以及（3）检查自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）风险的范围，其长期目标是提高自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的诊断精度，并能够发现新的治疗目标和干预措施在疾病的前驱期和早期综合症阶段。