Neighborhood Social Environment, Composition and Depression in Latinx

拉丁裔邻里社会环境、构成和抑郁

• 批准号: 10607878
• 负责人: Sarah Valentina Diaz
• 金额: $ 3.77万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10607878
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Ancillary Study; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Depressed mood; Development; Ethnic Population; Fellowship; Foundations; Future; General Population; Geography; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Surveys; Health behavior; Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Language; Latino; Latino Population; Latinx; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediation; Mediator; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Minority Groups; Minority Health Research; Modification; Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; National Institute of Mental Health; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Poverty; Quality of life; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Running; Sampling; Scientist; Services; Social Environment; Social support; Source; Spatial Distribution; Study of Latinos; Subgroup; Time; Training; Training Programs; Trust; United States; built environment; caucasian American; cost; depressive symptoms; experience; falls; health equity; health inequalities; hispanic community; implementation research; improved; insight; interest; marginalized community; multilevel analysis; neighborhood association; population based; residential segregation; segregation; single episode major depressive disorder; skills; social cohesion; social culture; social health determinants; social relationships; spatial relationship; stress reduction; structural determinants; success; underserved community

Project Summary/Abstract: Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders in the United States. Further, Latinos in the US represent one of the fastest growing ethnic groups and report the second highest rates of depression, making their growing presence in neighborhoods and their well-being relevant to the overall success of the nation. Yet the effects of neighborhood-level factors on depression, particularly in Latinos, remains understudied. There exists a paucity of research that examines the effect of residential segregation on mental health. Fewer still has assessed causal pathways— including through neighborhood features such as neighborhood social cohesion (NSC) and neighborhood problems (NP)—using rigorous quantitative methodologies. Additionally, NSC is of particular interest due to the potential mental health benefits it may have. However, the literature examining for what subgroup of Latinos NSC is most helpful for depression and what the spatial relationship may be is limited. In an effort to address these gaps, I will examine 1) The direct and indirect effect of residential segregation on depressive symptoms at two time points in Latinos through individual-level NSC and NP, 2) The cross-sectional direct and indirect effect of residential segregation on depressive symptoms in Latinos through neighborhood-level NSC and NP, 3) Effect modification of the association between individual level NSC on depressive symptoms by language proficiency while accounting for neighborhood differences, and Exploratory) To explore the spatial relationship between individual-level NSC and depressive symptoms in Latinos. Method & Analysis: This dissertation study will employ multilevel models in order to account for clustering in two population-based datasets: the Latino sample in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and its ancillary Neighborhood Study (Aim 1,2) and the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (Aim 3). In order to address gaps in the literature I will 1) carryout a mediation analysis using a multilevel model across two time points (2003, 2010) to examine the direct and indirect effects of residential segregation on depressive symptoms through individual-level NSC and NP (AIM 1). To address same source bias in using individual-level NSC and NP as mediators, a cross-sectional (2010) multilevel model will be used to examine the direct and indirect effects of residential segregation on depressive symptoms using neighborhood-level measures of NSC and NP (AIM 2). Multilevel models will also be employed to examine effect modification of the association between NSC and depressive symptoms by language proficiency (AIM 3). Contributions: The 2-year training program and dissertation proposed in this F-31 fellowship application will support me in developing skills and methods in neighborhood effects research critical to the completion of my dissertation study and doctoral research training. The fellowship will ultimately further my goal of becoming an independent research scientist that will address mental health inequities through neighborhood effects research in minoritized populations.

项目摘要/摘要：抑郁症是联合国最普遍的心理健康障碍之一 国家。此外，美国的拉丁美洲人代表了发展最快的种族之一，并报告第二个 抑郁症发生率最高，使他们在社区中的越来越长，并且与他们的福祉相关 国家的整体成功。然而，邻里水平因素对抑郁症的影响，特别是 拉丁美洲人，仍然是被理解的。存在研究居民的影响的缺乏 精神健康隔离。仍然评估了因果途径，包括通过社区包括 邻居社会凝聚力（NSC）和邻里问题（NP）等功能 - 使用严格 定量方法。此外，由于潜在的心理健康，NSC特别感兴趣 它可能会带来好处。但是，研究Latinos NSC的哪个子组最有帮助的文献 抑郁症和空间关系可能是有限的。为了解决这些差距，我将 检查1）在两个时间点，居民分离对抑郁症状的直接和间接影响 在拉丁美洲人通过个人级别的NSC和NP中，2）居民的横截面直接和间接效应 通过邻里级别的NSC和NP隔离拉丁裔抑郁症状，3）效果 通过语言能力进行抑郁症状的单个级别NSC之间的关联修改 在考虑邻里差异和探索性的同时）探索 拉丁美洲人的个人级别NSC和抑郁症状。方法与分析：这项论文研究将 员工多级模型，以说明两个基于人群的数据集中的聚类：拉丁裔样本 在动脉粥样硬化及其辅助邻里研究（AIM 1,2）和西班牙裔的多民族研究中 社区健康调查/拉丁美洲人的研究及其社会文化辅助研究（AIM 3）。为了解决 文献中的空白I将1）使用多级模型在两个时间点进行调解分析 （2003，2010）检查居民种族隔离对抑郁症状的直接和间接影响 通过个人级别的NSC和NP（AIM 1）。在使用个人级别的NSC和 NP作为介体，将使用横截面（2010）多级模型来检查直接和间接 使用NSC和NP的邻里水平测量的居民分离对抑郁症状的影响 （目标2）。还将采用多级模型来检查对效果的修改 NSC和抑郁症状按语言水平（AIM 3）。贡献：2年培训计划 在本F-31奖学金申请中提出的论文将支持我发展技能和方法 在邻里效应研究中，我的论文研究和博士研究至关重要 训练。奖学金最终将进一步成为我成为一名独立研究科学家的目标 通过少数人群中的邻里影响研究来解决心理健康不平等。