Smoking-related Differences in Baroreflex Sensitivity and Fear Inhibition in Adults Who Do and Do Not Smoke Cigarettes

吸烟和不吸烟的成年人压力感受反射敏感性和恐惧抑制的与吸烟相关的差异

• 批准号: 10607239
• 负责人: Hannah Brinkman
• 金额: $ 4.55万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10607239
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anatomy; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Anxiety; Award; Back; Baroreflex; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain region; Caliber; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Central Nervous System; Chronic; Cigarette Smoker; Cognitive; Collection; Communication; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Disease; Emotional; Ensure; Etiology; Exhibits; Extinction; Feedback; Fellowship; Foundations; Fright; Future; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Heart; Heart Rate; High Prevalence; Human; Impairment; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Linear Regressions; Measures; Mediation; Methods; Modeling; Nicotine; Outcome; Participant; Pathologic; Pathology; Peripheral; Peripheral Nervous System; Persons; Phase; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Respiratory physiology; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Science; Seminal; Signal Transduction; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Status; Time; Tobacco; Training; Translating; Visceral; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Work; addiction; anxiety symptoms; anxious; behavioral response; cigarette smoking; comorbidity; conditioned fear; design; disability; experience; experimental study; human model; improved; improved outcome; indexing; insight; negative affect; neural; nicotine use; non-smoker; response; smoking prevalence; substance use; success; teaching assistant; translational model

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Evidence that anxious smokers experience lower cessation success and account for a greater proportion of tobacco-related disease and disability underscores the need to identify common factors that underlie this comorbidity and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population. Research initiatives addressing cigarette use and anxiety have largely overlooked physiological mechanisms that facilitate body-brain communication, despite their promise as malleable intervention targets. To address this gap, study designs are needed that characterize (1) the effects of cigarette use on physiological processes that support body-brain communication and (2) how these impairments confer anxiety risk in human models. This application proposes that the baroreflex, a well-delineated feedback loop through which body-brain communication occurs, is likely to be impaired in cigarette smokers and, as a result, may undermine core learning processes that confer anxiety risk. The proposed study will involve a single in-person laboratory visit during which 66 participants (n=33 smokers; n=33 non-smokers) will complete a fear conditioning paradigm while baroreflex function assessed. Dependent variables include: (1) baroreflex function indexed via electrocardiograph and blood pressure data and (2) fear inhibition indexed via skin conductance response during the paradigm’s extinction training phase. Analysis of variance, linear regression, and mediation modeling will be used to examine group differences in baroreflex function between smokers and non-smokers (Aim 1), the relationship between baroreflex function and fear inhibition (Aim 2), and the direct and indirect effects of smoking status on fear inhibition through the baroreflex (Aim 3), respectively. Findings will refine knowledge of physiological processes implicated in anxiety, smoking, and their high comorbidity. The applicant is applying for an F31 award to receive high caliber training in the design and implementation of mechanism-focused addiction research (Goal 1), translational models of anxiety pathology (Goal 2), psychophysiological interpretation and analysis (Goal 3), and professional development (Goal 4). The research and training plan will lay the foundation for the applicant’s future line of research to examine how substance- related impairments in physiological function promote anxiety risk and maintain substance use behavior. Receiving an F31 fellowship will relieve the applicant from her time-intensive teaching assistant position to effectively to conduct research and establish a strong interdisciplinary network in the addiction science field.

项目摘要/摘要 焦虑吸烟者经历较低的停止成功的证据，并占更大比例的证据 与烟草有关的疾病和残疾强调了确定这一点的共同因素的必要性 合并症并改善了这一脆弱人群的结果。解决香烟使用的研究计划 焦虑在很大程度上忽略了促进人体脑沟通的身体机制， 尽管他们承诺是可延展的干预目标。为了解决这一差距，需要研究设计 表征（1）使用香烟对支持身体脑通信的物理过程的影响 （2）这些障碍如何会在人类模型中焦虑风险。 该申请提出的是BaroreFlex，这是一个限制了良好的反馈回路 沟通发生，可能会在吸烟者中受损，结果可能会破坏核心 学习会议焦虑风险的过程。拟议的研究将涉及一次面对面的实验室访问 在此期间，有66位参与者（n = 33名吸烟者； n = 33个非吸烟者）将完成恐惧调节范式 同时评估了BaroreFlex功能。因变量包括：（1）通过 心电图和血压数据以及（2）通过皮肤电导反应索引的恐惧抑制作用 在范式的扩展训练阶段。分析方差，线性回归和中介 建模将用于检查吸烟者和非吸烟者之间的aroreflex功能的群体差异 （AIM 1），Baroreflex功能与恐惧抑制（AIM 2）与直接和间接之间的关系 吸烟状况分别对通过BaroreFlex抑制恐惧的影响（AIM 3）。调查结果将完善 了解在动画，吸烟及其合并症高的物理过程中的知识。 申请人正在申请F31奖项，以在设计和实施方面接受高素质培训 以机制为重点成瘾研究（目标1），动画病理学的翻译模型（目标2）， 心理生理解释和分析（目标3）和专业发展（目标4）。研究 培训计划将为申请人的未来研究范围奠定基础，以研究如何实质 身体功能的相关障碍会促进焦虑风险并维持物质使用行为。 获得F31奖学金将使申请人从耗时的助教职位中拯救出来 有效地进行研究并在成瘾科学领域建立强大的跨学科网络。