Sleep as a Mechanism and Moderator in the Development of Health Disparities

睡眠作为健康差异发展的机制和调节因素

• 批准号: 10587380
• 负责人: Mona M El-Sheikh
• 金额: $ 74.25万
• 依托单位: AUBURN UNIVERSITY AT AUBURN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10587380
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alabama; American; Area; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavioral; Black race; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Development; Developmental Process; Disparity; Distal; Economically Deprived Population; Education; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Family; Goals; Health; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Long-Term Effects; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Methods; Minority Groups; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Prevalence; Prevention; Procedures; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Reproducibility; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Rural; Sampling; Schedule; Science; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; System; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vocation; Woman; Wrist; Youth; actigraphy; biological adaptation to stress; circadian biology; cognitive function; design; emerging adult; ethnic disparity; health disparity; indexing; longitudinal design; low socioeconomic status; novel; parent grant; perceived discrimination; physical conditioning; poor sleep; prevent; protective factors; psychologic; public health priorities; racial disparity; racial diversity; racial health disparity; racial population; retention rate; sleep quality; social; societal costs; socioeconomic adversity; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; transmission process; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Sleep deprivation in American youth and young adults is a major public health problem and can impair mental and physical health, cognitive functioning and stress response systems. Significant gaps in this research include scarce investigations of long- term developmental trajectories of adaptation and maladaptation associated with sleep disturbances in the context of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities. Identifying mechanisms that explain SES and racial disparities in sleep and broader health outcomes, as well as factors that prevent or protect against broader health disparities are high scientific priorities (Healthy People 2030). The proposed study addresses these gaps and advances parent grant discoveries. The design builds on a well-characterized two-wave study with adolescents (16-19 years; n=300) and involves two additional waves with young adults (~ 21-24 years; target n=300); analyses will also capitalize on existing data for a subsample (n=199) who participated during childhood (9,10,11 years). The sample consists of young adults from semi- rural Alabama; 54% women; high representation of Black participants (39%) and socioeconomic adversity. This sample is unique, underrepresented in the literature, and ideal for testing the research questions. Strengths of the design include the large and diverse sample, high retention rates, breadth and rigor of measurement across important outcome domains, a four-wave design spanning adolescence and young adulthood, a large subsample with three additional waves in childhood, and analyses of long-term trajectories of mental and physical health, cognitive functioning and autonomic nervous system activity. Towards scientific rigor and reproducibility, well-established procedures, questionnaires, hardware and software will be used. Sleep is examined objectively with actigraphy and subjectively. Comparable long-term investigations of health disparities utilizing objectively-assessed sleep and developmental trajectories of multiple health domains in such a sample do not exist. The study will advance understanding of the long-term effects of sleep across development in the context of socioeconomic and racial health disparities by identifying the role of sleep in transmitting risk or functioning as a vulnerability or protective factor. Study goals are consistent with the strategic goals and high-priority research areas of the 2021 NIH Sleep Research Plan including advancing understanding of sleep’s contributions to health disparities in socioeconomically disadvantaged and minoritized groups. Findings will help identify individuals at greatest risk for negative health outcomes and identify behavioral and ecological targets for prevention and intervention.

项目摘要 美国青年和年轻人的睡眠剥夺是一个主要的公共卫生问题，可能会损害精神 以及身体健康，认知功能和压力反应系统。这项研究的巨大差距 包括对适应和不适的长期发展轨迹的稀缺研究 在社会经济和种族/种族差异的背景下，与睡眠障碍有关。识别 解释睡眠和更广泛健康结果中的SES和种族差异的机制以及因素 预防或防止更广泛的健康差异是高科学的重点（健康人2030）。 拟议的研究解决了这些差距，并提高了父母的赠款发现。设计建立在 对青少年（16-19岁; n = 300）的表征良好的两波研究，涉及另外两个波浪 年轻人（〜21-24岁；目标n = 300）；分析还将大写子样本的现有数据 （n = 199）在童年时代（9,10,11年）。样本由半成年人组成 阿拉巴马州农村； 54％的女性；黑人参与者（39％）和社会经济广告的高度代表。 该样本是独特的，在文献中的代表性不足，是测试研究问题的理想选择。 设计的优势包括大型和潜水员样本，高保留率，广度和严格 跨重要结果域的测量，这是一个跨越青少年和Young的四波设计 成年，一个大的子样本，在童年时期还有三个额外的波，以及对长期轨迹的分析 精神和身体健康，认知功能和自主神经系统活动。走向科学 将使用严格和可重复性，完善的程序，问卷，硬件和软件。 睡眠通过行为学和主观检查进行客观检查。对健康的可比长期调查 利用客观评估的睡眠和多个健康领域的发展轨迹的差异 这样的样本不存在。这项研究将提高人们对整个睡眠的长期影响的理解 通过确定睡眠在社会经济和种族健康差异的背景下发展 将风险或功能作为脆弱性或保护因素传播。学习目标与 2021年NIH睡眠研究计划的战略目标和高优先研究领域，包括前进 了解睡眠对社会经济上不利的健康差异的贡献 少数群体。调查结果将有助于识别患有负面健康结果的风险最大的人，并且 确定预防和干预的行为和生态目标。