Biological vector borne transmission of Salmonella by cockroaches

蟑螂通过生物媒介传播沙门氏菌

• 批准号: 10586916
• 负责人: Jose Enrique Pietri
• 金额: $ 37.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-11-01 至 2027-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10586916
• 关键词: Address; Adhesions; Adult; Antibiotic Resistance; Area; Bacteria; Bacterial Genes; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Phenomena; Biological Process; Biology; Category B pathogen; Cells; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Data; Development; Diarrhea; Dictyoptera; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Enteral; Environment; Escherichia coli; Event; Evolution; Exhibits; Feces; Fluorescence Microscopy; Functional disorder; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Gene Expression; Genes; German population; Gnotobiotic; Human; Image; Infection; Infection prevention; Ingestion; Insecta; Intake; Integration Host Factors; Interphase; Invaded; Laboratories; Life Style; Link; Location; Longevity; Mechanics; Membrane; Microbial Biofilms; Microscopy; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Nature; Nymph; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR; RNA Interference; Research Project Grants; Role; Salmonella; Salmonella typhimurium; Severities; Shapes; Site; System; Testing; Tissues; Up-Regulation; Virulence; Vomiting; Work; antimicrobial; antimicrobial peptide; colonization resistance; diarrheal disease; gut colonization; gut microbiota; high risk; improved; insight; interest; knock-down; mortality; mutant; novel; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; spatiotemporal; tool; trait; transmission process; vector; vector-borne

PROJECT SUMMARY The German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is the most common pestiferous cockroach species in human environments. B. germanica contributes to the transmission of bacteria that cause enteric (diarrheal) disease, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, but the mechanisms of transmission are not well understood. Enteric bacterial pathogen transmission by cockroaches has previously been described as mechanical in nature. Mechanical transmission is a passive, non-replicative transfer of bacteria from one location or host to another. This mechanism is limited in impact relative to active biological transmission. However, recent data from our laboratory indicate that transmission of S. Typhimurium by German cockroaches is markedly more complex than simple mechanical transmission and instead resembles biological transmission by other insects that intake bacteria from infected hosts and are subsequently colonized, enabling active and prolonged shedding and transmission. In particular, we have observed that following ingestion, S. Typhimurium undergoes a lifestyle change and multiple replication events in the digestive tract of the German cockroach. Furthermore, we have identified several S. Typhimurium genes that are necessary for bacterial colonization and shedding from the gut of B. germanica, evidencing an active role of the bacteria. The central objective of the proposed research project is to gain a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of biological vector-borne transmission of S. Typhimurium by the German cockroach. Three independent specific aims are proposed. First, we will elucidate the fine spatiotemporal details of wild-type S. Typhimurium colonization and shedding in nymph and adult cockroaches. Second, leveraging an unparalleled array of mutant S. Typhimurium strains, we will identify specific bacterial genes and functions that are necessary for colonization of cockroaches and subsequent transmission. Third, we will determine the effects of two key host factors, namely antimicrobial effectors and the gut microbiota, on S. Typhimurium colonization and shedding. Together, the proposed studies will establish a picture of how bacterial and host factors interact to shape biological transmission of S. Typhimurium by the German cockroach, providing fundamental insight into the dynamics of a unique, poorly studied vector-pathogen system with a global distribution and public health impact.

项目摘要 德国蟑螂Blattella dermanica是人类最常见的瘟疫蟑螂物种 环境。 B. dermanica有助于导致肠道（腹泻）疾病的细菌的传播， 包括沙门氏菌的血清鼠伤寒，但传播的机制不好 理解。蟑螂传播的肠道细菌病原体传播以前被描述为 机械性质。机械传播是从一个位置对细菌的无源，无复制的转移 或主机到另一个。相对于主动生物传播，这种机制的影响受到限制。但是，最近 来自我们实验室的数据表明，德国蟑螂的鼠伤寒链霉菌的传播明显更明显 复杂而不是简单的机械传输，而类似于其他昆虫的生物传播 感染宿主的摄入细菌，随后被定殖，使活跃和长时间脱落 和传输。特别是，我们观察到，摄入后，鼠伤寒链球菌经历了一种生活方式 在德国蟑螂的消化道中的变化和多个复制事件。此外，我们还有 鉴定出几种鼠伤寒链霉基因，这些基因是细菌定植和肠道脱落所必需的 德国芽孢杆菌的作用，证明了细菌的积极作用。拟议研究项目的核心目标 是为了详细了解生物矢量传播的鼠伤寒孢菌的机制 由德国蟑螂。提出了三个独立的特定目标。首先，我们将阐明罚款 野生型鼠伤寒S.若虫和成年蟑螂的时空细节。 其次，利用无与伦比的突变体S.鼠伤寒菌株，我们将确定特定的细菌 蟑螂和随后传播所必需的基因和功能。第三，我们 将确定两个关键宿主因素，即抗菌效应子和肠道菌群的影响。 鼠伤寒和脱落。拟议的研究一起将建立细菌如何 与宿主因素相互作用以塑造德国蟑螂的鼠伤寒链球菌的生物传播，提供 对独特，研究不足的载体 - 病原体系统的动态的基本洞察力 分配和公共卫生影响。