Engaging new cognitive and motor signals to improve communication prostheses

利用新的认知和运动信号来改善沟通假体

• 批准号: 10238756
• 负责人: JAIMIE M HENDERSON
• 金额: $ 64.67万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10238756
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Adult; Area; Augmentative and Alternative Communication; BRAIN initiative; Body part; Brain; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communication; Complex; Computers; Dimensions; Electronic Mail; Evaluation; Four-dimensional; Freedom; Funding; Generations; Goals; Hand; Health Personnel; Healthcare; Home; Human; Implant; Internet; Ipsilateral; Left; Letters; Lower Extremity; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modernization; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Mus; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Persons; Population; Procedures; Prosthesis; Quadriplegia; Recreation; Research; Research Support; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Speech; Speed; Standardization; System; Tablet Computer; Techniques; Technology; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Upper Extremity; Wireless Technology; Work; arm; base; brain computer interface; clinical research site; communication device; computational platform; design; falls; first-in-human; high dimensionality; improved; kinematics; literate; loved ones; mobile computing; motor impairment; nonhuman primate; novel; performance tests; relating to nervous system; social; success; tool; two-dimensional; ubiquitous computing; virtual

PROJECT SUMMARY While current augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices present a variety of access methods for message generation to benefit people with complex communication needs, there still exists a group of literate adults with severe speech and motor impairments (SSMI) who cannot identify a functional means for typing, which is an important tool for computer-based communication. In prior NIDCD- supported research, our research team developed a high performance intracortical brain-computer interface (iBCI) that decodes movement intentions directly from brain activity. This technology has allowed people to control a cursor on a computer screen for communication simply by imagining movements of their own arm. The proposed R01 clinical research will extend this prior work on improving the performance of iBCI systems, as part of the multi-site BrainGate consortium, and utilizing a new fully- implantable, wireless system being developed under separate NIH BRAIN Initiative funded project. The goals of the project are to leverage the discovery of new motor and cognitive signals in human motor cortex to implement and evaluate three new methods for iBCI typing and general purpose computer use: (1) an automatic Error Detect and Undo (EDU) system that uses error-related signals from motor cortex, (2) decoding techniques that create continuous high degree-of-freedom control signals from motor cortex to increase rates of point-and-click iBCI typing in 3D and 4D as compared with 2D, and (3) decoding techniques that classify multiple different “click” signals from motor cortex. A rigorous uniform experimental procedure with clear evaluation metrics will be utilized across all three Specific Aims, in all three research participants, and at each clinical site using a standardized suite of iBCI tasks, assuring consistency across sessions and participants. Upon completion, this project will advance both the capabilities of iBCIs for communication and our understanding of the function of human motor cortex.

项目概要 虽然当前的增强和替代通信 (AAC) 设备提供了多种访问方式 为了使具有复杂通信需求的人们受益的消息生成方法，仍然存在 一群患有严重言语和运动障碍 (SSMI) 且无法识别功能障碍的识字成年人 打字的手段，这是以前基于计算机的通信的重要工具。 支持研究，我们的研究团队开发了高性能皮质内脑机 接口（iBCI）可以直接从大脑活动中解码运动意图。 人们只需想象一下计算机屏幕上的光标即可进行交流 拟议的 R01 临床研究将扩展之前的工作，以改善 iBCI 系统的性能，作为多站点 BrainGate 联盟的一部分，并利用新的完全 植入式无线系统正在独立的 NIH BRAIN Initiative 资助项目下开发。 该项目的目标是利用人类运动中新运动和认知信号的发现 cortex 来实现和评估 iBCI 打字和通用计算机使用的三种新方法： (1) 自动错误检测和撤销 (EDU) 系统，使用来自运动皮层的错误相关信号， (2) 从运动皮层产生连续的高自由度控制信号的解码技术 与 2D 相比，提高 3D 和 4D 中点击式 iBCI 打字的速度，以及 (3) 解码 对来自运动皮层的多个不同“点击”信号进行严格统一的技术。 具有明确评估指标的实验程序将在所有三个具体目标中使用 三名研究参与者，并在每个临床地点使用标准化的 iBCI 任务套件，确保 完成后，该项目将促进会议和参与者之间的一致性。 iBCIs 的通信能力以及我们对人类运动皮层功能的理解。