Monitoring Social Change: Dynamics Of Aging And Cognitive Function

监测社会变化：衰老和认知功能的动态

• 批准号: 10133496
• 负责人: PENNY GORDON-LARSEN
• 金额: $ 73.92万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10133496
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Aging; Alcohol consumption; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anthropometry; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood Pressure; China; Chinese People; Cognitive; Collection; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Element; Data Files; Data Set; Dementia; Dietary intake; Disease; Economics; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exposure to; Fasting; Fostering; Funding; Generations; Geography; Health; Health Surveys; Health behavior; Health care facility; Hearing; Household; Humidity; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intergenerational transfer; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Longterm Follow-up; Measures; Memory; Mental Health; Modernization; Monitor; Nutrition Surveys; Older Population; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Function; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Plant Roots; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Quality of life; Research; Research Institute; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Series; Social Change; Statistical Models; Stress; Structure of nail of toe; Supermarket; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco use; Tooth Loss; United States National Institutes of Health; Urbanization; Viral Markers; Vision; Work; age related; aged; aging population; cardiometabolism; cognitive function; cost; cytokine; data repository; dietary; evidence base; executive function; experience; follow-up; genome wide association study; healthy aging; improved; inflammatory marker; insight; instrumental activity of daily living; metabolome; microbiome; middle age; modifiable lifestyle factors; novel; novel marker; nutrition; pathogenic bacteria; pathogenic virus; physical conditioning; preservation; prevent; protective factors; public health relevance; sleep quality; social; social factors; sociodemographics; time use; trend; web site

ABSTRACT The global burden of dementias continues to rise; by 2050, it is estimated that approximately 152 million people across the globe are going to be affected by dementias at a cost of 3 trillion US dollars. This is a particular issue in China as it has the world's largest population of people with dementia. Despite the incredible increase in Alzheimer's disease and cognitive dementias, very little progress has been made to prevent and successfully treat these devastating diseases. The primary reasons for the lack of progress are: 1) continued focus on single causes of disease rather than multifactorial etiologies; 2) lack of long-term follow-up data that captures environments, lifestyle behaviors, and individual susceptibility factors before, during, and after cognitive decline; and 3) insufficient attention to biological susceptibility along with dietary, lifestyle and environmental strategies. China has a larger aging population and longer life expectancy than ever before. Recent trends have led to a new phenomenon of older adults left behind when the younger generation migrates to find work. These demographic changes as well as other urbanization-related changes provide context and opportunity to address these issues. The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), an NIH- funded study of more than 10,000 individuals aged 45-80 followed over 35 years, provides high quality longitudinal data and captures the transition from traditional to Western lifestyles in parallel with urbanization and emergence of cognitive decline during the past three decades. We will use these data to generate insights that would not be obtainable in studies with short periods of follow-up in older populations that focus on single causes of cognitive decline. We propose to capitalize on the 30-year span of coverage and geographic scope of the CHNS, which provides substantial temporal and spatial variability, capturing extraordinarily rapid urbanization-related changes, biological susceptibility factors, and cognitive decline data as well as changes in individual, household and community environments. We propose data collection of an additional round in 2021, preserving the continuity of the CHNS, while adding aging-focused components (e.g., tooth loss, hearing, vision, and additional executive function tests, and in a subsample infectious and inflammatory markers, such as cytokines and viral and bacterial pathogens implicated in Alzheimer's disease) to inform understanding of the factors that lead to healthy aging versus physical and cognitive decline, and severe dementias. We will use a series of complex statistical models to identify trajectories of key risk factors and their combinations that predict or protect against early and severe cognitive decline. The impact of the proposed project is to generate an 11th wave of multipurpose data capturing long-term exposure to major urbanization-related and demographic changes, particularly within the recent 5 years, and test hypotheses that combinations of biological, social, and environmental exposures will identify early and modifiable lifestyle factors that can be used to delay cognitive decline and improve quality of older adults.

抽象的 痴呆症的全球负担继续增加。到2050年，估计约有1.52亿 全球的人们将受到痴呆症的影响，费用为3万亿美元。这是一个 在中国，特别是世界上最大的痴呆症人群。尽管令人难以置信 阿尔茨海默氏病和认知痴呆症的增加，预防和 成功治疗这些毁灭性疾病。缺乏进步的主要原因是：1）继续 专注于疾病的单一原因，而不是多因素病因； 2）缺乏长期随访数据 捕获环境，生活方式行为和个人敏感性因素之前和之后 认知能力下降； 3）对生物易感性以及饮食，生活方式和 环境策略。中国的人口老龄化和预期寿命更长。 最近的趋势导致了年轻一代时老年人留下的新现象 迁移以找到工作。这些人口变化以及其他与城市化相关的变化提供了 上下文和机会解决这些问题。中国健康与营养调查（CHNS），NIH- 经过35岁以上的10,000多名45-80岁的人的资助研究，提供高质量 纵向数据并捕获与城市化并联的从传统生活方式到西方生活方式的过渡 在过去的三十年中，认知能力下降的出现。我们将使用这些数据生成洞察力 这是在较老的人群中的短期随访研究中无法获得的，该研究的重点是 认知能力下降的原因。我们建议利用30年的覆盖范围和地理范围 CHN提供了实质性的时间和空间可变性，可捕获非常迅速的 与城市化相关的变化，生物敏感性因素和认知下降数据以及变化 个人，家庭和社区环境。我们在2021年提出了一轮额外回合的数据收集， 保留CHN的连续性，同时添加以衰老为中心的组件（例如，牙齿脱落，听力， 视觉和其他执行功能测试，以及在子样本传染和炎症标记中，此类 作为与阿尔茨海默氏病有关的细胞因子，病毒和细菌病原体），以告知人们对 导致健康衰老与身体和认知能力下降以及严重痴呆症的因素。我们将使用 一系列复杂的统计模型，以识别关键风险因素及其组合的轨迹 预测或防止早期和严重的认知能力下降。拟议项目的影响是生成 第11波的多用途数据浪潮捕获了与主要城市化相关的长期暴露 人口变化，特别是在最近的5年中，并测试了合并的假设 生物，社会和环境暴露将确定可以是早期和可修改的生活方式因素 用于延迟认知能力下降并改善老年人的质量。