Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention

芝加哥青少年暴力预防中心

• 批准号: 8096023
• 负责人: DEBORAH GORMAN-SMITH
• 金额: $ 130万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8096023
• 关键词: Chicago; Center; Youth; Violence; Prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application details a plan to implement a coordinated system of evidence-based violence prevention interventions within a single defined community in Chicago. The community to be served consists of nine census tracts from the Humboldt Park neighborhood of Chicago. This community is approximately 2.3 square miles (1475 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.5 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 37,027 persons living in the target community, 69.9% reported their ethnicity as African-American and 27.5% as Latino. Forty-eight percent live in female headed households and 44% of the neighborhood population reports having less than a high school education. The community is characterized by high rates of crime compared to other communities in Chicago. In 2009, the per capita rate for homicide was 45.1 per 100,000 residents, compared with 15.8 per 100,000 for the City of Chicago as a whole. Rates (per 100,000 ) were similarly elevated for shooting (133.6 vs. 64.6), aggravated assault (299.7 vs. 196.9) and aggravated battery (767.3 vs. 346.0). The comparison community consists of 12 census tracts from the North Lawndale and 4 tracts from the South Lawndale neighborhoods of Chicago. This community is approximately 1.55 square miles (1150 acres) and is located on the west side of Chicago approximately 4.0 miles west of the Loop. The community includes a mix of African American and Latino residents. From 2000 census data, there were 23,593 living in the comparison community, 73.5% were African American and 24.4% were Latino. Similar rates of homicide and violent crime were reported as compared with the Humboldt Park community that is targeted. Evidence-based interventions directed at risk factors at the community/neighborhood, school, relationship and individual levels will be delivered to both a universal and targeted population within the defined community. A sophisticated surveillance system combined with an unprecedented array of administrative data allow for assessment of multiple indicators of impact. Multiple analytic methods are used to evaluate impact. Training activities are coordinated across sites and academic disciplines. To ensure that results reach a larger and more varied audience affected by youth violence, our team will organize a regular series of meetings, policy briefings, and other policy-oriented events that bring together a community of scholars, policymakers, funders, and practitioners seeking to design, field, and rigorously evaluate evidence-based interventions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Center is a collaboration of three teams of violence prevention researchers committed to understanding and reducing youth violence within low-income inner-city communities. A coordinated set of activities including surveillance, risk modeling, and implementation and evaluation of a system of evidence-based interventions are outlined and coordinated with the social systems that have the most direct influence on youth at different stages of development - families, schools, community agencies, and justice. The findings from this set of activities will inform our understanding of risk and protection related to youth violence and effective interventions for reducing risk and harm to youth.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该申请详细介绍了一项计划，旨在在芝加哥的一个定义的社区内实施基于证据的暴力预防干预措施的协调系统。所服务的社区包括芝加哥洪堡公园附近的九个人口普查区。该社区面积约 2.3 平方英里（1475 英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，距卢普区以西约 4.5 英里。该社区包括非裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。根据 2000 年人口普查数据，目标社区共有 37,027 人，其中 69.9% 的人为非裔美国人，27.5% 为拉丁裔。 48% 的人生活在女性户主家庭，44% 的社区人口受教育程度低于高中。与芝加哥其他社区相比，该社区的特点是犯罪率高。 2009年，人均凶杀率为每10万居民45.1起，而整个芝加哥市的凶杀率为每10万居民15.8起。枪击事件（每 100,000 人）、严重袭击事件（299.7 人对 196.9 人）和严重殴打事件（767.3 人对 346.0 人）的比率（每 10 万人）也同样有所上升。 比较社区由芝加哥北朗代尔 (North Lawndale) 的 12 个人口普查区和南朗代尔 (South Lawndale) 社区的 4 个人口普查区组成。该社区面积约 1.55 平方英里（1150 英亩），位于芝加哥西侧，距卢普区以西约 4.0 英里。该社区包括非裔美国人和拉丁裔居民。根据 2000 年人口普查数据，对比社区有 23,593 人，其中 73.5% 是非裔美国人，24.4% 是拉丁裔。与目标洪堡公园社区相比，凶杀案和暴力犯罪率相似。 针对社区/邻里、学校、人际关系和个人层面的风险因素的循证干预措施将针对特定社区内的普遍人群和目标人群。复杂的监测系统与前所未有的一系列管理数据相结合，可以评估多个影响指标。使用多种分析方法来评估影响。培训活动是跨地点和跨学科协调的。为了确保结果惠及更多、更多样化的受青少年暴力影响的受众，我们的团队将定期组织一系列会议、政策简报和其他以政策为导向的活动，将学者、政策制定者、资助者和从业者聚集在一起，寻求帮助设计、实施和严格评估基于证据的干预措施。 公共卫生相关性： 该中心由三个暴力预防研究人员团队合作组成，致力于了解和减少低收入内城社区中的青少年暴力。概述了一系列协调一致的活动，包括监测、风险建模以及基于证据的干预系统的实施和评估，并与对处于不同发展阶段的青年有最直接影响的社会系统（家庭、学校、社区）进行协调。机构和司法。这一系列活动的结果将有助于我们了解与青少年暴力相关的风险和保护，以及减少青少年风险和伤害的有效干预措施。