MECHANISMS OF INFORMATION SEEKING IN THE PRIMATE BRAIN

灵长类大脑中的信息搜索机制

• 批准号: 10088480
• 负责人: Ilya E. Monosov
• 金额: $ 39.38万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-10 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10088480
• 关键词: Anatomy; Animals; Anterior; Anxiety; Area; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Choice Behavior; Choices and Control; Clinical; Cognition; Computer Models; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Curiosities; Data; Decision Making; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Emotions; Evaluation; Event; Future; Globus Pallidus; Habenula; Human; Individual; Internal Capsule; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Learning; Light; Mediating; Mental disorders; Monitor; Motivation; Neurobiology; Neurons; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Outcome; Play; Population; Primates; Process; Punishment; Rewards; Risk; Role; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Testing; Uncertainty; Universities; Washington; base; cingulate cortex; design; expectation; experimental study; information seeking behavior; mind control; motivated behavior; neural network; theories

Project Summary. The brain systems that control our motivation, emotions, and decisions rely at their most fundamental level on predicting the future: learning what rewards and punishments to expect, when they will arrive, and how valuable they will be. It is only natural that we are strongly motivated to seek information that will reduce our uncertainty about future events. Indeed, not only do humans and other animals choose to observe cues that inform them about future motivational outcomes, they are willing to pay for the privilege – and remarkably, they pay for information even when they cannot use it to influence the outcome, effectively treating the knowledge itself as a reward. Despite its importance in everyday decision making and clinical settings, little is known about how this information seeking behavior is generated and governed – how the brain anticipates information, endows it with value, and sends it to motivational circuits to drive behavior. We identified set of anatomically connected cortical and subcortical brain areas, including the anterior cingulate cortex and specific subregions of the basal ganglia (BG), that encode the quantitative level of reward uncertainty. Does this set of brain areas mediate the drive to seek advance information to reduce uncertainty, and if so, how? Aim 1 will first test whether and how uncertainty-selective neurons in the cortico-BG network anticipate the arrival of information about future rewards and punishments. Preliminary data suggest that the cortico-BG network anticipates information that resolves reward uncertainty (as dissociated from simple anticipation of valuable and/or uncertain rewards). Next, aim 1 will transiently disrupt specific uncertainty- sensitive subregions in the cortico-BG network to assess their contributions to information seeking, and to neuronal activity in other subregions of the network. Preliminary data suggest that the information-anticipation signals in the BG play an active role in mediating information seeking. Aim 2 will use a carefully designed decision-making paradigm in which primates pay to obtain information under different levels of reward uncertainty, combined with computational modelling, to quantitatively determine how information, uncertainty, and value signals in the cortico-BG network contribute to motivated decision making, including the evaluation of information, risk, and value. Next, aim 2 will use the same paradigm to elucidate information and reward value processing in the lateral habenula (LHb), a key structure for the control of motivation. Preliminary data indicate that BG information signals track the subjective value of obtaining information and that the LHb is a prime candidate for receiving these signals and generating information-seeking behavior. The Aims represent crucial steps for our understanding of the neurobiology of motivated behavior, will broaden our understanding of the mechanisms of information seeking and uncertainty reduction, and will shed light on how brain areas known to be crucially involved in human psychiatric disorders, but that have not been commonly studied in the primate, contribute to our decisions and actions.

项目摘要 控制我们的动机、情绪和决策的大脑系统最依赖。 预测未来的基本层面：了解预期的奖励和惩罚以及何时奖励和惩罚 我们很自然地会强烈地寻求这些信息。 会减少我们对未来事件的不确定性 事实上，不仅人类和其他动物会选择这样做。 观察那些告诉他们未来动机结果的线索，他们愿意为这种特权付出代价—— 即使他们无法有效地利用信息来影响结果，他们也会为信息付费。 尽管知识在日常决策和临床中很重要，但仍将其视为一种奖励。 人们对这种信息寻求行为是如何产生和控制的——大脑是如何产生的——知之甚少。 预测信息，以价值结束信息，并将其发送到激励回路以驱动行为。 我们确定了一组在解剖学上相连的皮质和皮质下大脑区域，包括前扣带回 皮层和基底神经节 (BG) 的特定子区域，编码奖励的定量水平 不确定性这组大脑区域是否会调节寻求预先信息以减少不确定性的动力， 如果是这样，目标 1 将首先测试皮质-BG 网络中是否存在不确定性选择性神经元以及如何进行不确定性选择性神经元。 预测有关未来奖励和惩罚的信息的到来。 cortico-BG 网络预测能够解决奖励不确定性的信息（与简单的奖励不确定性分离） 对有价值和/或不确定的奖励的预期）接下来，目标 1 将暂时破坏特定的不确定性 - 皮质-BG 网络中的敏感子区域，以评估其对信息寻求的贡献，并 网络其他子区域的神经活动表明信息预期。 BG 信号在调解信息搜索中发挥积极作用，目标 2 将使用精心设计的信号。 灵长类动物在不同奖励水平下付费获取信息的决策范式 不确定性，结合计算模型，定量确定信息、不确定性、 cortico-BG 网络中的和价值信号有助于积极决策，包括评估 接下来，目标 2 将使用相同的范式来阐明信息和奖励。 外侧缰核（LHb）的价值处理，这是控制动机的关键结构。 表明 BG 信息信号跟踪获取信息的主观价值，并且 LHb 是 接收这些信号并产生信息寻求行为的主要候选者。 这些目标代表了我们理解动机行为的神经生物学的关键步骤，将拓宽 我们对信息寻求和减少不确定性机制的理解，并将阐明 已知大脑区域如何与人类精神疾病密切相关，但尚未得到证实 通常在灵长类动物中进行研究，有助于我们的决策和行动。