MECHANISMS OF INFORMATION SEEKING IN THE PRIMATE BRAIN

灵长类大脑中的信息搜索机制

• 批准号: 10558665
• 负责人: Ilya E. Monosov
• 金额: $ 39.38万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-10 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10558665
• 关键词: Anatomy; Animals; Anterior; Anxiety; Area; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Choice Behavior; Choices and Control; Clinical; Cognition; Computer Models; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Curiosities; Data; Decision Making; Dissociation; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Emotions; Endowment; Evaluation; Event; Future; Globus Pallidus; Habenula; Human; Individual; Internal Capsule; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Learning; Mediating; Mental disorders; Monitor; Motivation; Neurobiology; Neurons; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Outcome; Play; Population; Primates; Process; Punishment; Rewards; Risk; Role; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Testing; Uncertainty; Universities; Washington; cingulate cortex; design; expectation; experimental study; information seeking behavior; mind control; motivated behavior; neural network; reward anticipation; theories

Project Summary. The brain systems that control our motivation, emotions, and decisions rely at their most fundamental level on predicting the future: learning what rewards and punishments to expect, when they will arrive, and how valuable they will be. It is only natural that we are strongly motivated to seek information that will reduce our uncertainty about future events. Indeed, not only do humans and other animals choose to observe cues that inform them about future motivational outcomes, they are willing to pay for the privilege – and remarkably, they pay for information even when they cannot use it to influence the outcome, effectively treating the knowledge itself as a reward. Despite its importance in everyday decision making and clinical settings, little is known about how this information seeking behavior is generated and governed – how the brain anticipates information, endows it with value, and sends it to motivational circuits to drive behavior. We identified set of anatomically connected cortical and subcortical brain areas, including the anterior cingulate cortex and specific subregions of the basal ganglia (BG), that encode the quantitative level of reward uncertainty. Does this set of brain areas mediate the drive to seek advance information to reduce uncertainty, and if so, how? Aim 1 will first test whether and how uncertainty-selective neurons in the cortico-BG network anticipate the arrival of information about future rewards and punishments. Preliminary data suggest that the cortico-BG network anticipates information that resolves reward uncertainty (as dissociated from simple anticipation of valuable and/or uncertain rewards). Next, aim 1 will transiently disrupt specific uncertainty- sensitive subregions in the cortico-BG network to assess their contributions to information seeking, and to neuronal activity in other subregions of the network. Preliminary data suggest that the information-anticipation signals in the BG play an active role in mediating information seeking. Aim 2 will use a carefully designed decision-making paradigm in which primates pay to obtain information under different levels of reward uncertainty, combined with computational modelling, to quantitatively determine how information, uncertainty, and value signals in the cortico-BG network contribute to motivated decision making, including the evaluation of information, risk, and value. Next, aim 2 will use the same paradigm to elucidate information and reward value processing in the lateral habenula (LHb), a key structure for the control of motivation. Preliminary data indicate that BG information signals track the subjective value of obtaining information and that the LHb is a prime candidate for receiving these signals and generating information-seeking behavior. The Aims represent crucial steps for our understanding of the neurobiology of motivated behavior, will broaden our understanding of the mechanisms of information seeking and uncertainty reduction, and will shed light on how brain areas known to be crucially involved in human psychiatric disorders, but that have not been commonly studied in the primate, contribute to our decisions and actions.

项目摘要。控制我们的动力，情感和决定的大脑系统最依赖于他们 预测未来的基本水平：学习期望的奖励和惩罚，何时 到达，他们将有多有价值。我们很自然地有强烈的动力寻求信息 将减少我们对未来事件的不确定性。确实，人类和其他动物不仅选择 观察线索，告知他们未来的励志成果，他们愿意为特权付费 - 值得注意的是，即使他们无法使用信息来影响结果，他们也要有效地支付信息 将知识本身视为奖励。尽管在每天的决策和临床上都重要 设置，对寻求行为的产生和控制知之甚少 - 大脑如何 预测信息，赋予其价值，并将其发送到动机电路以推动行为。 我们确定了一组解剖上连接的皮质和皮层下脑区域，包括前扣带回 基底神经节（BG）的皮质和特定子区域，该奖励水平 不确定。这套大脑区域是否调解了寻求预先信息以减少不确定性的动力， 如果是这样，怎么样？ AIM 1将首先测试Cortico-BG网络中的不确定性选择性神经元如何 预期有关未来奖励和惩罚的信息的到来。初步数据表明 Cortico-BG网络可以预期解决奖励不确定性的信息（如简单而分离 期待有价值和/或不确定的奖励）。接下来，AIM 1将暂时破坏特定的不确定性 - Cortico-BG网络中的敏感子区域，以评估其对信息寻求信息的贡献 网络其他子区域中的神经元活动。初步数据表明信息预期 BG中的信号在调解信息寻求方面发挥了积极作用。 AIM 2将使用精心设计的 决策范式，素数以在不同级别的奖励水平下获取信息 不确定性，与计算建模相结合，以定量确定信息，不确定性， Cortico-BG网络中的价值信号有助于积极的决策，包括评估 信息，风险和价值。接下来，AIM 2将使用相同的范式来阐明信息和奖励 外侧Habenula（LHB）中的价值处理，这是控制动机的关键结构。初步数据 指出BG信息信号跟踪获取信息的主观价值，而LHB是一个 主要候选人接受这些信号并产生信息寻求行为。 目的代表了我们理解动机行为神经生物学的关键步骤，将扩大 我们对信息寻求和降低不确定性机制的理解，并将阐明 大脑领域是如何完全参与人类精神疾病的，但不是 通常在灵长类动物中研究，为我们的决策和行动做出了贡献。