Communicating Waterpipe Tobacco Harms to Reduce Use among Young Adults

宣传水烟烟草的危害以减少年轻人的使用

• 批准号: 10116334
• 负责人: Erin L Sutfin
• 金额: $ 56.39万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10116334
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Advertisements; Age; Aldehydes; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular system; Chemicals; Chronic; Cigarette; Cognitive; Communication; Consumption; Cross-Over Trials; Dependence; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Federal Government; Goals; Health; Heavy Metals; High Prevalence; Image; Intervention; Knowledge; Legal; Libraries; Local Government; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Motivation; Neuraxis; New York City; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Perception; Policies; Population; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sales; Sampling; Science; State Government; Surveys; Testing; Text; Tobacco; Tobacco smoking behavior; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Related Carcinoma; Toxic effect; United States Food and Drug Administration; Use Effectiveness; addiction; age group; arm; arterial stiffness; authority; base; cancer prevention; cancer risk; carcinogenicity; cigarette smoking; combustible tobacco; design; experimental study; federal policy; health warning; hookah; negative affect; prevent; prospective; smoking initiation; tobacco prevention; toxicant; young adult

Project Summary Young adults have the highest prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) of any age group in the U.S. Extensive evidence shows that they consistently misperceive WTS as less harmful and less addictive than cigarette smoking, and these misperceptions are positively associated with WTS. Despite these widely held misperceptions, WTS is associated with serious acute and chronic harms, even among infrequent users. In addition, WTS is prospectively associated with cigarette smoking initiation putting young adults at greater risk for cancer. Considerable evidence shows that cigarette warnings effectively convey health information to consumers, resulting in increased motivation to quit and quit attempts. Waterpipe warnings have the potential to convey accurate information about health harms to consumers, but the currently-mandated text warning, focused solely on nicotine addiction, is likely to have limited impact. The goal of this project is to develop warnings to promote greater understanding of harms and to reduce WTS behavior among young adults. We will use a systematic, evidence-driven, rigorous approach to develop waterpipe warnings and test these newly- developed warnings in two contexts: (1) on waterpipe tobacco packaging; and (2) in an ecologically-valid waterpipe café setting. In Aim 1, we will develop text and pictorial waterpipe tobacco warnings to effectively communicate a broad range of health harms. We will first develop 30 text warnings based on the most robust science; then vet warnings with experts in WTS epidemiology, toxicity, and regulation. We will next conduct a national survey to determine the five most effective text warnings, which will then each be paired with three different images creating 15 pictorial warnings. We will conduct a second national survey to determine the most promising image for each of the five text warning statements, resulting in five text and five corresponding pictorial warnings to be carried forward to Aim 2. In Aim 2, we will evaluate the effect of text or pictorial warnings on waterpipe tobacco packaging on WTS intentions using a nationally representative sample of 1,500 young adults and will determine the two text and two corresponding pictorial warnings with the highest perceived effectiveness for use in Aim 3. In Aim 3, we will determine the impact of text and pictorial warnings displayed at waterpipe cafés on WTS behavior. We will conduct a three-arm (text, pictorial, no warning control) cluster randomized crossover trial in 18 waterpipe cafés to determine the effect of warning type on young adults' WTS behavior using an objective, biological marker of waterpipe tobacco consumption (expired carbon monoxide). This study will contribute to a growing body of research on how best to design health warnings to discourage WTS, and will identify important behavioral antecedents, which may include negative affect, cognitive elaboration, perceived risks, and knowledge. The proposed research has the potential to make a significant contribution towards cancer prevention by reducing WTS through the development and testing of warnings that could influence local, state, and federal policies.

项目摘要 年轻人在美国任何年龄段的水培烟草吸烟（WTS）的患病率最高 大量证据表明，它们始终如一地误以为WT，其危害和添加效者不如 吸烟，这些误解与WT呈正相关。尽管有这些广泛保存 误解，WTS与严重的急性和慢性危害有关，即使在不经常的使用者中也是如此。 此外，WTS可能与吸烟计划有关，使年轻人面临更大的风险 用于癌症。大量证据表明，香烟警告有效地将健康信息传达给 消费者，导致戒烟和退出尝试的动力增加。水管警告有潜力 为了传达有关健康损害消费者的准确信息，但目前规定的文字警告， 仅专注于尼古丁成瘾，可能会影响有限。该项目的目的是开发 警告以促进对危害的更多了解并减少年轻人的WTS行为。我们 将使用系统的，循证驱动，严格的方法来开发水管警告，并测试这些新的 在两种情况下开发了警告：（1）在水管烟草包装上； （2）在生态上 水坑咖啡厅设置。在AIM 1中，我们将开发文本和图形水管烟草警告以有效 传达广泛的健康危害。我们将首先根据最多的30条文字警告 强大的科学；然后对WTS流行病学，毒性和监管专家进行审查警告。我们接下来 进行全国调查以确定五个最有效的文本警告，然后将每个警告配对 带有三个不同的图像，创建了15个绘画警告。我们将进行第二项全国调查 确定五个文本警告语句中的每一个最有希望的图像，从而产生五个文本和五个 相应的绘画警告要向AIM 2提出。在AIM 2中，我们将评估文本的效果或 使用全国代表性样本的WTS意图上的供水烟草包装的图形警告 在1,500名年轻人中，将确定两个文本和两个相应的绘画警告 在AIM 3中使用的有效性。在AIM 3中，我们将确定文本和图形警告的影响 在WTSCafés上展示有关WTS行为的。我们将进行三臂（文字，图片，没有警告控制） 在18个Waterpipe咖啡馆中的聚类随机分频试验，以确定警告类型对年轻人的影响 成人的WTS行为，使用供水烟草消费的客观生物标记（过期的碳） 一氧化物）。这项研究将有助于越来越多地研究如何最好地设计健康警告 劝阻WTS，并将确定重要的行为先例，这可能包括负面影响， 认知阐述，感知的风险和知识。拟议的研究有可能使 通过开发和测试来减少WT来为癌症预防做出重大贡献 可能影响当地，州和联邦政策的警告。