Spatial patterns of metals and metal mixtures in drinking water

饮用水中金属和金属混合物的空间格局

• 批准号: 10112927
• 负责人: Elsie Mareca Sunderland
• 金额: $ 19.16万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-21 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10112927
• 关键词: 5 year old; Address; Affect; Archives; Arsenic; Biomedical Research; Brain; Cadmium; Child; Chromium; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Colorado; Consumption; Country; Data; Databases; Development; Diagnosis; Effectiveness; Elderly; Elements; Exposure to; Geographic Locations; Geological Survey; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Heavy Metals; Hybrids; Immunosuppression; In Vitro; Individual; Information Systems; Lead; Link; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Manganese; Maps; Measurement; Metal exposure; Metals; Methods; Modeling; Municipalities; Nurses' Health Study; Organoids; Oxidation-Reduction; Pattern; Poison; Population; Privatization; Process; Property; Prospective cohort; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Sampling; Selenium; Site; Soil; Source; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxicity Tests; Trace metal; Training; Treatment Effectiveness; United States; Water; Water Pollutants; Water Supply; Woman; Work; base; community engagement; contaminated drinking water; contaminated water; disease registry; drinking water; early life exposure; effectiveness evaluation; exposed human population; geochemistry; ground water; high risk; improved; innovative technologies; insight; land use; machine learning algorithm; neurodevelopment; novel; remediation; risk mitigation; superfund site; tool; water quality; water sampling; water treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In 2016, approximately 15 million people lived within one mile of Superfund sites, including approximately 5% of all children in the United States (US) under 5 years of age. Lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) are among the top ten contaminants on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s 2017 Substances Priorities List for Superfund sites. These and other metals/metalloids can contaminate surface waters and groundwater systems, leading to elevated exposures through drinking water. Across the US, tens of millions of individuals consume drinking water with concentrations of heavy metals in excess of regulatory guidelines. Exposures to heavy metals have been associated with many negative impacts on public health, including impacts on neurodevelopment and cognitive aging. However, the contribution of different Superfund sites to this contamination problem remains poorly characterized on a national scale. This is important because regulations for drinking water contaminants and risk mitigation actions are often undertaken at the federal level, but most prior work has focused on site-specific studies. Proximity to Superfund sites may be associated with higher risk of contamination by heavy metal mixtures in tap water. This relationship is likely more prominent in private wells than in municipal drinking water supplies, where the finished water quality is influenced by water treatment technologies. Across different geographic areas, there are considerable differences in municipal water treatment technology and continuous development of innovative technologies, but little information is available on how this affects spatial patterns of metal concentrations in tap water. In Aim 1, we will characterize the role of Superfund sites across the country for heavy metals in private wells by developing novel hybrid mechanistic-empirical models for heavy metals across the US using a large database of measurements in groundwater from the USGS, locations of point sources such as Superfund sites, and hydrogeological features/predictors that affect the fate and transport of trace metals. For Aim 2, we will use new measurements and models to identify the spatial co- occurrence of different metal mixtures relevant to human exposures from drinking water. This analysis will be used to identify the composition of metal mixtures for in vitro toxicity tests on brain organoids in Project 2. Aim 3 will leverage >28 million measurements of heavy metals from municipal water supplies to field-evaluate the role of different treatment technologies. This will provide insights into the effectiveness of treatment technologies and can help inform Project 4 as well as Superfund site managers responsible for remediation. This project provides a link between biomedical research in the MEMCARE Center, human exposures, and potential benefits of remediation technology being developed in Project 4.

项目摘要/摘要 2016年，大约1500万人居住在超级基金站点的一英里范围内，其中约有5％ 美国的所有儿童（美国）5岁以下。铅（Pb），砷（AS）和镉（CD）为 有毒物质和疾病注册机构的2017年物质的十大污染物之一 超级基金网站的优先级列表。这些和其他金属/金属可以污染地表水，并 地下水系统，导致通过饮用水的暴露量增加。整个美国，数千万 个人消耗饮用水，浓度超过监管指南。 对重金属的暴露与对公共卫生的许多负面影响有关，包括影响 关于神经发育和认知衰老。但是，不同超级基金网站对此的贡献 在国家规模上，污染问题的特征仍然很差。这很重要，因为法规 对于饮用水污染物和风险缓解行动，经常在联邦一级采取，但大多数 先前的工作重点是特定于网站的研究。靠近超级基金站点可能与较高的风险有关 自来水中重金属混合物污染的污染。这种关系在私人井中可能更为突出 比在市政饮用水供应中，成品水质受水处理的影响 技术。在不同的地理区域，市政水处理有很大差异 技术和创新技术的持续开发，但是几乎没有有关如何获得的信息 影响自来水中金属浓度的空间模式。在AIM 1中，我们将表征超级基金的角色 通过开发新型混合机械经验，全国为私人井中重金属的地点 美国重金属的模型使用USGS地下水中的大型测量数据库， 点源的位置，例如超级基金站点以及影响脂肪的水文地质特征/预测因素 和痕量金属的运输。对于AIM 2，我们将使用新的测量和模型来确定空间共同 与饮用水暴露有关的不同金属混合物的发生。该分析将是 用于鉴定项目2中脑器官的体外毒性测试的金属混合物的组成。 将利用从文化供水到现场评估角色的重金属> 2800万次测量 不同的治疗技术。这将提供有关治疗技术有效性和 可以帮助您通知项目4以及负责补救的超级基金网站经理。该项目提供 Memcare中心的生物医学研究，人类暴露与潜在的好处之间的联系 修复技术正在项目4中开发。