Individual and Contextual Factors Supporting Health Communication via Food Labels

通过食品标签支持健康沟通的个人和背景因素

基本信息

批准号：
8623105
负责人：
LISA Soederberg MILLER
金额：
$ 39.75万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-05-01 至 2017-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8623105
关键词：
Adherence Adult Affect Age Behavior Cardiovascular Diseases Chronic Disease Communication Decision Making Diet Disease Eating Education Effectiveness Elderly Environment Eye Familiarity Food Food Labeling Food Selections Goals Health Health Care Costs Health Communication Health Food Healthcare Incidence Individual Label Laboratories Laboratory Study Life Cycle Stages Light Malignant Neoplasms Methodology Modeling Modification Obesity Pamphlets Persons Policies Positioning Attribute Prevalence Process Productivity Reading Regulation Relative (related person)Research Resources Risk Sampling Series Short-Term Memory Societies Socioeconomic Status Source Training Treatment Efficacy United States Weight Work base cancer type contextual factors cost food environment food marketing good diet improved information processing nutrition prevent

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adherence to a healthy diet can delay the onset of, as well as reduce the impact of, numerous diseases which result in healthcare and lost productivity costs in excess of $43 billion annually in the United States. Factors that support healthy dietary behaviors are multifaceted and many are difficult to modify. In this proposal, we examine an approach to dietary quality improvement that focuses on decision making and the information processes that support it. More specifically, we propose an examination of how food labels, a potentially important source of diet and health information, affect decision quality. In a series of laboratory studies, we manipulate food label information (nutrition facts panels, ingredient lists, label claims, and brand familiarity) and use eye tracking and think-aloud methodologies to investigate processes (e.g., the number of pieces of information considered, relative weight given to each type of information, potential biases of one source type over another) that individuals use to understand the food label information in order to make decisions regarding food choice. We also examine the extent to which the quality of decisions based on food labels can be increased through information processing tasks to a greater extent than through reading food label pamphlets. Information processing strategies and decision quality will be evaluated in light of life course and food environment (e.g., local food retailer availability and food advertising). A life course approach is essential because of the constellation of changes that occur in later life that increase the importance of nutrition (due to increased diet-related chronic illnesses) yet render nutrition information more challenging to understand (due to declines working memory capacity). A consideration of the food environment is essential because individuals have varying opportunities and resources for healthy food selection which will likely impact how adults process nutrition messages. We propose an ecological model of health communication that is grounded within a framework emphasizing connections between people and places, and use stratified cluster sampling to assure that we examine information processing as it occurs across a wide segment of society. The long-term goal of this project is to increase dietary choice through more effective communication of nutrition information on food labels. To the extent that labels are more malleable than are other factors related to dietary decisions, such as food environment or education, food label modifications may represent a relatively inexpensive approach to reducing the incidence of diet-related diseases.

描述（由申请人提供）：坚持健康饮食可以延缓多种疾病的发生并减少其影响，这些疾病在美国每年造成的医疗保健和生产力损失成本超过 430 亿美元。支持健康饮食行为的因素是多方面的，而且许多因素很难改变。在本提案中，我们研究了一种改善膳食质量的方法，该方法侧重于决策和支持决策的信息过程。更具体地说，我们建议检查食品标签（饮食和健康信息的潜在重要来源）如何影响决策质量。在一系列实验室研究中，我们操纵食品标签信息（营养成分面板、成分列表、标签声明和品牌熟悉度），并使用眼动追踪和出声思考方法来调查过程（例如，考虑的信息数量、赋予每种信息类型的相对权重（一种来源类型相对于另一种来源类型的潜在偏差），个人使用它来理解食品标签信息，以便做出有关食品选择的决定。我们还研究了通过信息处理任务比通过阅读食品标签小册子可以在更大程度上提高基于食品标签的决策质量。将根据生命历程和食品环境（例如当地食品零售商的供应情况和食品广告）评估信息处理策略和决策质量。生命全程方法至关重要，因为晚年发生的一系列变化增加了营养的重要性（由于与饮食相关的慢性疾病增加），但又使营养信息更难以理解（由于工作记忆能力下降）。考虑食物环境至关重要，因为个人选择健康食物的机会和资源各不相同，这可能会影响成年人处理营养信息的方式。我们提出了一种健康传播的生态模型，该模型基于强调人与地方之间联系的框架，并使用分层整群抽样来确保我们检查社会各阶层发生的信息处理。该项目的长期目标是通过更有效地传达食品标签上的营养信息来增加饮食选择。在某种程度上，标签比与饮食决定相关的其他因素（例如食品环境或教育）更具可塑性，食品标签的修改可能是减少饮食相关疾病发病率的一种相对便宜的方法。