Effects of Age, Knowledge, & Control Beliefs on Reading

年龄、知识的影响，

• 批准号: 6653043
• 负责人: LISA Soederberg MILLER
• 金额: $ 23.25万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6653043
• 关键词: age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; cognition; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; locus of control; memory; motivation; performance; psychological aspect of aging; psychological tests; reading; self concept; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Knowledge is an important component of cognitive functioning and its role is becoming increasingly acknowledged in theoretical work on cognition and intelligence. Because knowledge stores increase with age, researchers have questioned whether the benefits of knowledge can outweigh age-related declines typically found in the mechanics of processing. Some data suggest that the acquisition and the use of knowledge require some effort and therefore could benefit from increased levels of perceived control. Yet it remains unclear how knowledge and control beliefs jointly affect cognitive processing and whether there are age differences in these processes. In light of the research indicating that control beliefs are particularly important among older adults, control beliefs may be an important antecedent of knowledge use among older adults. Three encoding processes that have been identified as possible mediators of the relationship between control beliefs and cognitive performance are persistence, strategy use, and task engagement. The proposed research investigates a mediational model in which the relationships among age, control beliefs, knowledge and memory performance are explored and the mediational role of these encoding processes are considered. The long-term goal of this research is to better understand how knowledge and control beliefs can offset age-related declines in cognitive processing.

描述（由申请人提供）：知识是 认知功能及其作用日益得到人们的认可 认知和智力的理论工作。因为知识库 随着年龄的增长，研究人员质疑是否有好处 知识的增长可以抵消通常在机械力学中发现的与年龄相关的衰退 加工。一些数据表明，知识的获取和使用 需要一些努力，因此可以从提高水平中受益 感知控制。然而，目前尚不清楚知识和控制信念如何 共同影响认知处理以及是否存在年龄差异 这些过程。根据研究表明控制信念 对于老年人来说尤其重要，控制信念可能是一个重要的因素 老年人知识使用的前因。三个编码过程 已被确定为控制之间关系的可能中介 信念和认知表现是坚持、策略使用和任务 订婚。拟议的研究调查了一个中介模型，其中 年龄、控制信念、知识和记忆表现之间的关系是 探索并考虑了这些编码过程的中介作用。 这项研究的长期目标是更好地了解知识和 控制信念可以抵消与年龄相关的认知处理能力下降。