Achieving Direct Functional Imaging of Brain Electrophysiology: Nanofabricated Cell-sized Electronic Sensors for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

实现脑电生理学的直接功能成像：用于磁共振成像的纳米制造细胞大小的电子传感器

• 批准号: 10001896
• 负责人: Aviad Hai
• 金额: $ 227.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10001896
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Award; Blood flow; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cell Size; Cognition; Communication; Detection; Development; Devices; Electrodes; Electromagnetics; Electrophysiology (science); Engineering; Epilepsy; Event; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Human; Image; Implant; In Situ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Microelectrodes; Monitor; Neurons; Noise; Optics; Patients; Physiology; Principal Investigator; Quadriplegia; Quality of life; Resolution; Rodent; Signal Transduction; Technology; Tissues; Validation; Wireless Technology; brain volume; imaging probe; improved; innovation; magnetic field; minimally invasive; nanofabrication; nanoscale; neurophysiology; neurotransmission; novel; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; technology validation

Project Summary There is currently a surging effort to develop the necessary technologies for recording neural activity from the entire volume of the brain in parallel. A whole-brain direct readout of neural signals will be critical to understanding the elusive cross-regional communication grid underlying brain function and dysfunction. The overall goal of this new innovator award is the development and application of a new form of brain imaging us- ing electromagnetic circuits that can be deployed throughout the brain and provide parallel volumetric electro- physiological readouts of neural activity. The project relies on recent advances made by the principal investiga- tor, demonstrating the use of tetherless microelectronic neural interfaces that transduce neurophysiological events wirelessly to detectable magnetic field perturbations, and are monitored by functional magnetic reson- ance imaging (fMRI). By combining the unique three-dimensional capabilities of fMRI to obtain functional rea- douts from the entire volume of the brain, with electromagnetic probes—that are able to directly record electro- physiological neural activity in-situ and transmit its response to the MRI hardware—this project is aiming to transform the way we acquire brain signals. We will use novel nanofabrication methods to pioneer cell-sized wireless probes, while employing existing state-of-the-art MRI-compatible microelectrode arrays in rodents for rigorous validation of the technology and to decouple the electrophysiogical readouts from intrinsic fMRI blood flow signals. The engineering advances that occurred in recent years have propelled the capabilities of both electrical and optical implantable probes for brain recording, achieving nanometer scale spatial resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio and temporal response, and increasingly favorable tissue-device interactions. Implantable electrode array devices provide us with multiplexed recordings of electrical signals from tens or hundreds of neurons with high spatial precision at the cellular level. These devices have been successfully implanted in human patients for the treatment and monitoring of epilepsy and to improve quality of life for tetraplegic pa- tients. The neuroelectronic fMRI probes that will be developed under the umbrella of this award will greatly augment these capabilities. Firstly, by presenting a different approach whereby minimally invasive devices are powered by the MRI scanner itself and do not require bulky on-board power, and secondly, by interacting with the imaging scanner to transmit electrical neural activity to the detection hardware outside of the brain with no requirement for a tethered connection. The sensors will be used to directly detect electrical neural activity in three dimensions, and will help pave the way towards tracing the cross-regional origins of both normal and ab- normal brain physiology.

项目摘要 目前正在努力开发用于记录神经活动的必要技术 并联大脑的全部体积。神经信号的全脑直接读数对 了解难以捉摸的跨区域通信网格的脑功能和功能障碍。这 这个新的创新奖的总体目标是开发和应用一种新形式的大脑成像 - 可以在整个大脑中部署并提供平行的体​​积电 - 的电磁电路 神经活动的生理读数。该项目依赖于主要调查的最新进展 TOR，证明使用无线微电源神经元界面，这些界面会导致神经生理学 无线事件可检测到可检测的磁场扰动，并通过功能性磁共振来监测 ANCE成像（fMRI）。通过结合fMRI的独特三维能力以获得功能性重新 来自大脑的全部挤压，带有电磁问题 - 能够直接记录电磁问题 生理神经活动原位并传递其对MRI硬件的反应 - 该项目的目的是 改变我们获得大脑信号的方式。我们将使用新颖的纳米化方法来开拓细胞大小 无线问题，同时采用现有的最先进的MRI兼容的微电极阵列 对技术的严格验证，并从固有的fMRI血液中解除电物体读数 流信号。近年来发生的工程进步推动了两者的能力 用于大脑记录的电气和光学植入探针，达到纳米量表空间分辨率，高 信噪比和临时响应，以及越来越有利的组织磁盘相互作用。植入 电极阵列设备为我们提供了来自数十或数百个电信号的多路复用记录 在细胞水平上具有高空间精度的神经元。这些设备已成功植入 人类患者的治疗和监测癫痫病，并改善四脑的生活质量 t。在该奖项的保护下将大大制定的神经电信FMRI问题将大大 增强这些功能。首先，通过提出一种不同的方法，使最小的入侵设备是 由MRI扫描仪本身提供动力，不需要笨重的车载力量，其次，与 成像扫描仪将电气神经活动传输到大脑外的检测硬件，没有 需要束缚连接的要求。传感器将用于直接检测到电气神经活动 三个维度，将有助于追踪正常和ab-的跨区域起源 正常的大脑生理。