Hybrid TMS/MRI system for regionally tailored causal mapping of human cortical circuits and connectivity

混合 TMS/MRI 系统，用于按区域定制人类皮质回路和连接的因果图谱

• 批准号: 10730783
• 负责人: Berkin Bilgic
• 金额: $ 45.21万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10730783
• 关键词: Acoustics; Amplifiers; Behavior; Benchmarking; Brain; Brain Mapping; Calibration; Cell Density; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Custom; Data; Development; Devices; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Electronics; Elements; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Geometry; Goals; Head; Heating; Human; Hybrids; Image; Imaging Device; Length; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Microscopic; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neocortex; Nerve Fibers; Neurites; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurosciences; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Play; Radial; Resolution; Somatosensory Cortex; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; data acquisition; density; design; experience; experimental study; feasibility testing; flexibility; human imaging; imaging system; improved; in vivo; millimeter; neocortical; neural; neuroimaging; neuronal cell body; neuroregulation; next generation; non-invasive imaging; novel; prototype; radio frequency; reconstruction; tool

Project Summary. We propose a new coil array that will enable next-generation causal brain mapping with unprecedented flexibility, resolution and precision. The proposed ARES2 hybrid array generates E-fields in the cortex for transcranial mag- netic stimulation (TMS) as well as B-fields for spatial and diffusion encoding applications including high-resolu- tion, high b-value diffusion MRI and fMRI. Multi-channel TMS allows different cortical targets to be probed either sequentially or simultaneously, providing a flexible tool for modulating brain activity that is imaged concurrently with MRI. By virtue of their close proximity to the head, the coil elements will provide a large boost in diffusion MRI encoding in the cortex beyond what is possible with current MRI gradient technology, enabling improved sensitivity to mapping neuronal and dendritic sizes and their distribution following targeted neuromodulation and providing sub-millimeter spatial resolution for BOLD-fMRI in the cortex following stimulation. In Aim1, we will test a 3-channel prototype of the proposed head array, ARES2 (Array for Reception, Encoding, Shimming, and Stimulation) by leveraging our recent developments in MR-compatible transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils. The coils will be driven by large currents to yield 1000 mT/m max. gradients and high slew rates. The parallel design comprising 48 encoding coils permit B0-shimming capability, while 28 radiofre- quency coils interlaced with the encoding coils provide parallel imaging. Custom drive amplifiers and switching electronics will allow alternation between “stimulation” and “imaging” modes. A comprehensive electronic control system will allow arbitrary waveforms to be played out on all channels in sync with the scanner’s pulse sequence. In Aim2, we will scale the system up to the full 48-ch array. We build a new TMS-compatible 28-ch RF receive array that is mechanically integrated with a TMS probe holder device. The TMS probe holder will allow radial adjustment of the TMS probe to allow it to be placed against the head surface. In Aim3, we will apply the system in vivo to perform next-generation causal brain mapping at submillimeter resolution. We will demonstrate ARES2’s ability to provide regionally specific measures of cell body (soma) and neurite size and density in the motor (M1) and somatosensory cortex (S1). These diffusion MRI experiments will make use of gSlider volumetric diffusion encoding to boost SNR and reach submillimeter resolution. For TMS- fMRI, we will use the 9ch TMS and 48ch MRI gradient system in an interleaved manner for successive stimulation and fMRI recording in M1 and S1.

项目摘要。 我们提出了一个新的线圈阵列，该阵列将以前所未有的灵活性启用下一代因果脑映射， 解决方案和精度。提出的ARES2混合阵列在thrancranial mag-的皮层中产生电子田 网络刺激（TMS）以及B场，用于空间和扩散的编码应用，包括高分辨率 Tion，高B值差异MRI和fMRI。多通道TMS允许对不同的皮质靶标进行探测 依次或简单地，提供一个灵活的工具来调节大脑活动，并同时成像 与MRI。由于它们靠近头部，线圈元素将在扩散中提供很大的提升 在当前MRI梯度技术的可能性之外，在皮层中编码的MRI编码，从而提高了 对映射神经元和树突大小的敏感性及其分布，靶向神经调节和 在刺激后，在皮质中为皮层中的大胆FMRI提供了亚毫米空间分辨率。 在AIM1中，我们将测试提出的头部阵列ARES2的3通道原型（用于接收，编码的阵列， 通过利用我们最近在MR兼容trancranial磁性方面的发展和刺激） 刺激（TMS）线圈。线圈将由大电流驱动，以产生1000 mt/m的最大值。梯度和高 杀伤率。完成48个编码线圈的平行设计允许B0光速功能，而28 radiofre- 与编码线圈交织在一起的旋转线圈提供并行成像。自定义驱动器放大器和切换 电子设备将允许在“刺激”和“成像”模式之间进行替代。全面的电子控制 系统将允许与扫描仪的脉冲序列同步在所有通道上播放任意波形。 在AIM2中，我们将将系统扩展到完整的48-CH数组。我们构建了一个新的TMS兼容28-ch RF接收 与TMS探针持有器设备机械集成的数组。 TMS探针支架将允许径向 调整TMS探针以使其放在头表面。 在AIM3中，我们将在体内应用系统以进行下一代因果脑映射 解决。我们将展示ARES2提供特定于区域细胞体（SOMA）和的能力 电动机（M1）和体感皮质（S1）中的神经蛋白尺寸和密度。这些扩散的MRI实验将 利用GSLIDER体积扩散编码来增强SNR并达到亚毫米分辨率。对于TMS- fMRI，我们将以交错的方式使用9CH TMS和48CH MRI梯度系统进行成功模拟 M1和S1中的fMRI录制。