Advanced Neuroimaging through Novel Encoding Strategies and Hardware Design

通过新颖的编码策略和硬件设计实现先进的神经成像

• 批准号: 10304118
• 负责人: Berkin Bilgic
• 金额: $ 57.09万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10304118
• 关键词: Acceleration; Adolescent; Affect; Air; Anxiety; Area; Boston; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Clinical Research; Cognition; Complement; Computer software; Consumption; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Dropout; Ear; Echo-Planar Imaging; Emotions; Face; Fiber; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Head; Health; Human; Image; Inferior; Lead; Left; Lipids; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Memory; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Neurosciences; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Plug-in; Prefrontal Cortex; Protocols documentation; Resolution; Rest; Rewards; Sampling; Scanning; Semantic memory; Side; Signal Transduction; Slice; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Technology; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Tissues; Variant; Work; base; biobank; brain magnetic resonance imaging; connectome; cost; design; frontal lobe; image warping; imaging biomarker; imaging capabilities; imaging modality; improved; neuroimaging; next generation; novel; prevent; reconstruction; reward circuitry; tool

Project Summary/Abstract Recent large-scale studies have employed MRI to gain a deeper understanding of how our brain works in health and disease. Human Connectome Project (HCP) and UK Biobank initiatives use Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) to examine brain connectivity as revealed by functional (fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI). Although EPI empowers neuroscience with the necessary fast encoding, it is plagued by distortion artifacts that severely affect regions with poor B0 field homogeneity, such as the temporal and frontal lobes. While Simultaneous MultiSlice (SMS) imaging is routinely used for more efficient sampling, high MultiBand (MB) factors leave little encoding power in existing acquisition methods for in-plane acceleration. This lets the image distortion remain unchecked to hamper brain regions that regulate decision-making, emotions and semantic memory. Further, neuroimaging protocols often employ inefficient structural imaging scans that consume a large portion of the allotted time, which could have been used for additional fMRI and dMRI sampling. We propose synergistic hardware, acquisition and reconstruction strategies to provide multiplicative gains in image distortion, while mitigating signal voids and T2*-related voxel blurring in EPI. We will design and build a 64-channel “AC/DC” combined receive and shim brain array to provide >2× more uniform B0 field and improved parallel imaging capability. On the pulse sequence side, we will develop “wave-CAIPI” trajectories for EPI and optimally utilize the encoding power of our AC/DC array to push the in-plane acceleration to 5-fold. This will combine multiplicatively with the gain from dynamic shimming to yield >10-fold distortion reduction, while retaining the ability to perform 2-fold SMS acceleration. Even at extreme MB factors (e.g. 8-fold), we will still allow for a >3× reduction in distortion to target hard-to-image regions with fast fMRI. We will also develop “BUDA” acquisition to sample 2-shots of EPI with alternating phase encoding directions, and incorporate a B0 map in the reconstruction to eliminate distortion in high-resolution dMRI. We will build on these technologies and develop a suite of EPI-based quantitative structural imaging scans for whole-brain T1 and T2 parameter mapping with high geometric fidelity at 1mm isotropic resolution in 90 sec. These will empower longitudinal studies and leave more time for fMRI and dMRI acquisitions. Finally, we will validate the improvements in fMRI and dMRI by focusing on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the brain reward circuity, both placed in challenging regions due to their proximity to air/tissue interfaces. We will compare the developed rapid T1- and T2-weighted acquisitions against conventional T1- MPRAGE and T2-FSE scans by performing morphometric analysis. We will strive to disseminate our developments to fuel the next generation of neuroimaging projects, simply by plugging in our coil and installing our sequences.

项目摘要/摘要 最近的大规模研究已经制定了MRI，以更深入地了解我们的大脑如何工作 健康与疾病。 Human Connectme项目（HCP）和英国生物银行计划使用Echo Planar Imaging （EPI）检查功能（fMRI）和扩散MRI（DMRI）所揭示的大脑连通性。虽然Epi 通过必要的快速编码来使神经科学能力，它受到严重的失真伪像困扰 影响B0场均匀性差的区域，例如临时和额叶的爱。同时同时进行 多层（SMS）成像通常用于更有效的采样，高多播（MB）因子几乎没有 在现有的收购方法中编码平面内加速度的功率。这使图像失真仍然存在 不受限制地阻碍调节决策，情感和语义记忆的大脑区域。更远， 神经影像学方案通常采用效率低下的结构成像扫描，以消耗大部分 分配的时间可以用于额外的fMRI和DMRI抽样。 我们提出了协同的硬件，采集和重建策略，以提供倍数的收益 图像失真，同时减轻信号空隙和T2*相关的Voxel在EPI中的模糊。我们将设计和建造 64通道“ AC/DC”联合接收和垫片脑阵列，提供> 2×更多均匀的B0场，并且 提高了并行成像能力。在脉冲序列方面，我们将为 EPI并最佳利用AC/DC阵列的编码功率将平面内加速度提高到5倍。 这将与从动态垫片到产生> 10倍降低降低的增益相结合， 同时保持执行2倍SMS加速度的能力。即使在极端的MB因素（例如8倍）中，我们也会 仍然可以减少> 3倍的失真，以快速fMRI的目标难以形象区域。我们还将发展 “ BUDA”采集以替代阶段编码方向样本的2次EPI样品，并结合了A B0 重建中的地图以消除高分辨率DMRI中的失真。我们将以这些技术为基础 并为全脑T1和T2参数开发一套基于EPI的定量结构成像扫描 在90秒的各向同性分辨率下，以高几何保真度的映射。这些将授权纵向 研究并留出更多时间进行fMRI和DMRI获取。 最后，我们将通过重点放在腹侧前额叶来验证fMRI和DMRI的改进 皮层和大脑奖励电路，都放置在挑战区域，因为它们靠近空气/组织 接口。我们将比较开发的快速T1和T2加权收购与常规T1- 通过进行形态计量分析，MPRAGE和T2-FSE扫描。我们将努力传播我们的 只需插入我们的线圈并安装，开发了下一代神经影像学项目 我们的序列。