Mechanisms of Modular Neuronal Network Activation in the Olfactory Bulb

嗅球中模块化神经元网络激活的机制

• 批准号: 7637357
• 负责人: David Henry Gire
• 金额: $ 1.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2009-12-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7637357
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Brain; Breathing; Calcium; Cell physiology; Cells; Code; Data; Dendrites; Dendrodendritic Synapse; Disease; Dyes; Employee Strikes; Epilepsy; Esters; Functional disorder; Future; Generations; Goals; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; In Vitro; Interneurons; Lead; Location; Mediating; Nature; Neurons; Neuropil; Odors; Olfactory Receptor Neurons; Output; Pattern; Phase; Play; Probability; Process; Rattus; Role; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Slice; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Techniques; Testing; base; feeding; granule cell; in vivo; nervous system disorder; neuronal excitability; olfactory bulb; patch clamp; prevent; receptor; research study; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary The main goal of the studies within this application is to define the role that a specific class of GABAergic neurons, called periglomerular (PG) cells, has in mediating information transfer in the olfactory bulb. The main hypothesis to be tested is that PG cells, through a feed-forward inhibitory mechanism onto output mitral cells, function to gate signals of different strengths, favoring strong signals over weak signals. Such a mechanism may be functionally important for enhancing differences between closely related odors. Each aim of this application will test a specific hypothesis that follows from this mechanism. The first aim will examine the general response profile of mitral cells, testing the specific hypothesis that "modules" of mitral cells engage in all-or-none responses to sensory input that occur simultaneously throughout the modular network. The second aim will then test the hypothesis that PG cells gate the generation of these mitral cell network responses. Experiments in aims 1 and 2 will primarily be done using electrophysiological techniques combined with pharmacological manipulations in rat in vitro olfactory bulb slices. The 3rd aim will test exactly how PG cells modulate mitral cell network responses, testing the specific hypothesis that PG cells inhibit mitral cells through a feed-forward mechanism. This hypothesis will be tested using calcium imaging of PG cells and electrophysiological recording of mitral cells in rat olfactory bulb slices. Taken together, the studies within this application will establish a role for PG cells in regulating information transfer through the first central relay of the olfactory system, the olfactory bulb. Relevance The studies described within this application will define mechanisms that inhibitory interneurons use to influence the excitability of neuronal circuits. Throughout the brain, dysfunction of this type of inhibition can lead to human disorders, perhaps the most notable being epilepsy. These studies will thus provide information that will aide in the understanding and treatment of neurological disorders, in addition to basic information about sensory processing.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要本申请中研究的主要目标是确定一类特定的 GABA 能神经元（称为球周 (PG) 细胞）在介导嗅球信息传递中的作用。要测试的主要假设是，PG 细胞通过输出二尖瓣细胞的前馈抑制机制，发挥门控不同强度信号的作用，偏爱强信号而不是弱信号。这种机制对于增强密切相关的气味之间的差异可能具有重要的功能。该应用程序的每个目标都将测试该机制得出的特定假设。第一个目标将检查二尖瓣细胞的一般反应概况，测试二尖瓣细胞“模块”对整个模块化网络同时发生的感觉输入进行全或无反应的具体假设。第二个目标将检验 PG 细胞控制这些二尖瓣细胞网络反应的产生的假设。目标 1 和 2 的实验将主要使用电生理学技术结合药理操作在大鼠体外嗅球切片上进行。第三个目标将准确测试 PG 细胞如何调节二尖瓣细胞网络反应，测试 PG 细胞通过前馈机制抑制二尖瓣细胞的具体假设。这一假设将通过大鼠嗅球切片中 PG 细胞的钙成像和二尖瓣细胞的电生理记录进行检验。总而言之，本申请中的研究将确定 PG 细胞在通过嗅觉系统的第一个中央中继站（嗅球）调节信息传递中的作用。相关性本申请中描述的研究将定义抑制性中间神经元用来影响神经元回路兴奋性的机制。在整个大脑中，这种抑制功能障碍可能会导致人类疾病，其中最引人注目的可能是癫痫。因此，除了有关感觉处理的基本信息外，这些研究还将提供有助于理解和治疗神经系统疾病的信息。