Navigation with complex odor dynamics: computational principles and neural circuit implementation in mice

复杂气味动力学导航：计算原理和小鼠神经回路实现

基本信息

批准号：
10417160
负责人：
David Henry Gire
金额：
$ 33.37万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10417160
关键词：
3-Dimensional Air Movements Algorithms Alzheimer&apos s Disease Animal Behavior Animals Area Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Biological Models Brain Calcium Cells Chronic Code Cognitive deficits Complex Computer Models Computers Cues Data Decision Making Electrophysiology (science)Environment Environmental Wind Exposure to Food Genetic Goals Head Image Implant Label Liquid substance Measures Mental disorders Modeling Monitor Mus Nature Neurosciences Nose Nutrient Odors Olfactory Pathways Organism Outcome Output Parkinson Disease Partner in relationship Pathologic Performance Phase Polar Bear Positioning Attribute Process Reading Resources Route Schizophrenia Sensory Series Soil Source Structure Techniques Testing Training Travel Viral autism spectrum disorder base behavior test behavioral response calcium indicator experimental study insight interest miniaturize neural circuit neurophysiology olfactory bulb predictive modeling relating to nervous system seal sensor sensory input sensory integration simulation source localization

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY All animals use sensory cues to find their way through complex environments and locate vital resources such as food or mates. From simple organisms such as worms finding nutrient-rich soil at centimeter-scale distances to polar bears following their noses across kilometers to feed upon seal carcasses, the ability to navigate an environment using odors is one of the most evolutionarily ancient and widespread examples of this complex behavior. Interest in the ability to navigate with odors has spanned decades and resulted in numerous models suggesting how animals can accomplish this feat. Testing these models is extremely difficult because in nearly all terrestrial environments odors are transported as fluctuating plumes by turbulent air flow. This necessitates either the use of simplifying models for odor flow or complex three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. In both cases, only statistical connections can be made between the performance of a simulated searcher and the behavior and neural processing of an animal. This limitation rules out the ability to combine moment-to-moment neural recordings with the sensory input guiding an animal’s behavior. This proposal represents a cross-disciplinary effort between experts in fluid dynamics, olfactory systems neuroscience, and neurophysiology to directly establish the algorithms used for odor-guided navigation and the neural implementation of these algorithms in the early olfactory system of mice. We will use newly developed, miniature odor sensors to record odor plumes at the mouse nose during odor-guided navigation. By combining these sensor readings with computational models of odor flow we will directly test the behavioral algorithms used by mice to navigate with odor plumes. To establish the neural implementation of these algorithms we will perform large-scale neural imaging and electrophysiology recordings from the early olfactory system while monitoring odor plume input at the nose. We will also use viral labeling techniques to selectively record neural activity from cells that send output to specific downstream cortical structures. By recording neural activity from olfactory bulb cells with specific cortical targets we will test how odor information is routed from sensory to decision-making areas to support odor-guided navigation. Finally, we will combine these levels of analysis to generate a complete model of odor-guided navigation that connects behavioral algorithms to neural implementation.

项目概要所有动物都利用感官线索在复杂的环境中找到出路并找到重要资源，例如作为食物或交配，例如蠕虫等简单生物在厘米级寻找营养丰富的土壤。北极熊跟随鼻子跨越数公里以海豹尸体为食的距离，使用气味在环境中导航是进化上最古老和最广泛的例子之一人们对利用气味进行导航的能力的兴趣已经持续了数十年，并导致了无数的结果。表明动物如何完成这一壮举的模型非常困难，因为。在几乎所有陆地环境中，气味都是通过湍流气流以波动的羽流形式传播的。需要使用简化的气味流模型或复杂的三维计算在这两种情况下，只能在性能之间建立统计联系。模拟搜索者的行为和神经处理的这种限制排除了。将即时神经记录与指导动物行为的感官输入相结合的能力。该提案代表了流体动力学、嗅觉系统专家之间的跨学科努力神经科学和神经生理学直接建立用于气味引导导航的算法和我们将使用新开发的、在小鼠早期嗅觉系统中神经实现这些算法。微型气味传感器在气味引导导航过程中记录小鼠鼻子处的气味羽流。这些带有气味流计算模型的传感器读数我们将直接测试行为算法老鼠用气味羽流进行导航为了建立这些算法的神经实现，我们将从早期嗅觉系统进行大规模神经成像和电生理学记录，同时监测鼻子的气味羽流输入我们还将使用病毒标记技术选择性地记录神经。通过记录神经活动，将输出发送到特定的下游皮质结构。嗅球细胞具有特定的皮质目标，我们将测试气味信息如何从感觉传递到最后，我们将结合这些级别的分析来支持气味引导导航。生成一个完整的气味引导导航模型，将行为算法与神经网络连接起来执行。