Thirdhand Smoke Contamination in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU) 中的三手烟雾污染

基本信息

批准号：
9324061
负责人：
Thomas Francis Northrup
金额：
$ 7.7万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9324061
关键词：
Acute Adult Affect Alcohols Applications Grants Area Asthma Atrial Fibrillation Breathing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Carcinogens Caregivers Caring Child Childhood Chronic Cigarette Clinical Research Cotinine DNA Damage Data Deposition Dermal Development Disadvantaged Distal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Ethanol Excision Exposure to Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant Fingers Hair Hand Handwashing Health Health Hazards Healthcare High Prevalence Home environment Hospitalization Hospitals Household Individual Infant Ingestion Intensive Care Units Intervention Left Life Link Measures Mechanical ventilation Mothers Neonatal Intensive Care Units Nicotine Nursing Staff Outcome Pancreatic Diseases Parents Participant Particulate Matter Patients Policies Population Pregnancy Premature Infant Procedures Protective gloves Protocols documentation Proxy Public Health Publishing Research Research Personnel Respiratory System Risk Risk Factors Role Route Sampling Skin Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Status Surface Time Tobacco Touch sensation Urban Hospitals Urine Very Low Birth Weight Infant Visit Work Wound Healing base cognitive function early life exposure environmental tobacco smoke exposure experience health disparity high risk infant high risk population low socioeconomic status negative affect non-smoker non-smoking novel particle pollutant pregnant premature prenatal exposure primary caregiver programs respiratory thirdhand smoke toxicant transmission process uptake

项目摘要

Project Summary Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the particulate matter and residue left behind on surfaces from secondhand smoke (SHS) by smokers and those exposed to SHS. Over 18% of US adults smoke, with higher prevalence (23-42%) in low-SES populations, making THS a distinct public health hazard, especially for the 22% of all infants and children exposed to SHS and THS in their homes. THS contains and forms carcinogens and other toxicants that damage DNA, adversely affect cognitive functioning, and hinder respiratory development and wound healing. THS is difficult to remove from indoor surfaces and spreads easily from the breath, clothes, and hands of SHS-exposed individuals. It reacts easily with other pollutants to form carcinogens and exposes individuals, especially children, through multiple routes (e.g., dermal uptake). Repeated exposures of re- suspended particulate matter and THS returning to a gaseous state occur for months-to-years after a cigarette is extinguished. Studies have documented the presence of THS in homes, cars, and hotels with partial and total smoking bans. With the exception of our recently published pilot data, indicating THS contamination in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), healthcare settings with strict non-smoking policies and high numbers of visitors who smoke have been unexplored. The most fragile hospital populations are housed in the intensive care units. In particular, infants born prematurely (as early as 23 weeks gestation) and at extremely low birth weights (<1000 grams [2.2 pounds]) are arguably the most vulnerable. Parents visiting the NICU are disproportionately of lower socio-economic status and thus smoke at high rates (>26%), resulting in significant health disparities. Premature infants with underdeveloped respiratory systems often require mechanical ventilation and are at risk for numerous respiratory and other illnesses (e.g., bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma) during extended hospitalizations often spanning months. THS may negatively affect both acute and chronic health outcomes of NICU infants. The central aim of this small grant proposal is to characterize THS present in a large, urban hospital NICU using well-established, highly sensitive surface nicotine wipes. Our pilot data indicate that nicotine is detectable on NICU surfaces and in NICU infants’ urine. This initial work will determine the extent to which visitors (N=210) and staff (N=171) transport THS to the NICU and will quantify the amount of THS deposited in the NICU by sampling nicotine found on surfaces (N=80), across smoking and nonsmoking households. Infant urine cotinine will also be collected and quantify nicotine transmitted to the infant. A novel sub-study to explore the efficacy of hand cleaning to remove THS will also be conducted (n=20). Quantifying THS in a NICU caring for vulnerable infants will demonstrate THS’s pervasiveness and support further research to eliminate contamination via intervention and policy change. Results of this initial study will provide the impetus for larger clinical studies to determine acute and chronic effects of early exposure to nicotine-related carcinogens.

项目摘要第三次烟雾（Ths）是二手左右留下的颗粒物和残留物吸烟者和暴露于SHS的人吸烟（SH）。（23-42％）在低SES普及中，这使得与公共卫生危害不同，尤其是对于22％的Alll而言婴儿和儿童暴露于SHS和THS。损害DNA，不利影响认知功能以及阻碍呼吸发育和伤口愈合。和暴露的人的手很容易与其他污染物一起形成致癌物个人，尤其是儿童，通过多种途径（例如，真皮摄取）。悬浮的颗粒物，返回到被熄灭了。除了我们最近发布的飞行员数据外，全部吸烟禁令新生儿重症监护（NICU），具有严格吸烟政策和大量数量的医疗保健环境吸烟的游客尚未探索。最脆弱的医院受欢迎程度尤其是重症监护病房。过早（最早妊娠23周）和极低的出生物（<1000克[2.2磅]）可以说是最脆弱的父母。地位并以高率烟雾（> 26％），导致了重大的健康差异不足的呼吸系统通常需要机械通气，并且有许多风险在延长住院期间，呼吸道和其他疾病（例如支气管肺发育不良，哮喘）经常跨越几个月。这项小型赠款提案的核心目的是描述在大型城市医院中存在的THS 使用良好的，高度敏感的表面尼古丁湿巾。在NICU表面和NICU婴儿的尿液中。（n = 210）和工作人员（n = 171）运输NICU，并将量化沉积金额通过在吸烟和非吸烟家庭中发现的尼古丁（N = 80），NICU 尿毒素也将被收集并量化传播给婴儿的尼古丁。还将进行手动清洁的疗效（n = 20）。对于脆弱的婴儿，将证明THS的普遍性并支持进一步的研究以消除通过干预和政策变化的污染。临床研究以确定早期暴露于尼古丁相关的致癌物的急性和时间表的影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Evaluating the relationship of in utero nicotine exposure with hypoglycemia after delivery: An observational study.

评估子宫内尼古丁暴露与产后低血糖的关系：一项观察性研究。

DOI：
10.3233/npm-230124
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine
影响因子：
0
作者：
Johnson,MaryG;Suchting,Robert;Scheid,LisaM;Holzapfel,LindsayN;Chalise,Aditi;Stotts,AngelaL;Chapman,JohnC;Khan,AmirM;Northrup,ThomasF
通讯作者：
Northrup,ThomasF