Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in PNG

巴布亚新几内亚生物多样性的保护和可持续利用

• 批准号: 7742278
• 负责人: Louis R Barrows
• 金额: $ 88.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-25 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7742278
• 关键词: Conservation; Sustainable; Use; Biodiversity; PNG

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this ICBG is to improve human health and well being through an integrated set of programs dedicated to the description, assessment, rational utilization, and conservation of biodiversity in Papua New Guinea (PNG). PNG is home to approximately 5% of the world's biodiversity. An understanding of the range of biological resources existing in PNG is essential for their management, for the preservation of species critical to indigenous cultures, and for the development of strategies for sustainable use. Our central hypothesis is that effective new therapeutics can be derived from the natural products of PNG's biological wealth. Such therapeutics can provide needed revenue to local stake-holders and responsible PNG institutions, and an incentive for the preservation of biological diversity. The university-based drug discovery component will focus on human immunodeficiency virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the industry based drug discovery component will focus on parasitic diseases, animal health and other therapeutic targets. The source organisms for drug discovery will be marine and terrestrial microbes and marine invertebrate animals. Documentation and preservation of traditional knowledge concerning medicinal plant use in PNG will be a second emphasis of this work. Medicinal plant surveys will be complemented by projects in support of the Traditional Medicines Taskforce, and student theses, to provide pharmacologic validation and chemical standardization of medicinal plants, and the identification of novel bioactive molecules. This research will provide professional development, educational opportunities and technology transfer for collaborating scientists and students. Conservation and biodiversity studies will center in the CTFS/SIGEO forest dynamics plot that has been established in Wanang, PNG, as part of the previous grant cycle's achievements. This plot is a unique and powerful research tool for studying forest dynamics, carbon sequestration and climate effects. Plot activities will integrate the botanical survey with the ecosystem study to include soil microbes and small plants. Outreach activities conducted as part of the Traditional Medicines and botanical survey work will foster the conservation and sustainable use of resources and provide benefits to stake-holders. Legislative initiatives developed with government input promote scientific exchange, conservation and sustainable resource use.

描述（由申请人提供）：该洲际弹道导弹的总体目标是通过专门用于描述，评估，合理利用和保护生物多样性的综合计划来改善人类健康和福祉。 PNG是世界上约5％的生物多样性的所在地。对PNG中现有的生物资源范围的理解对于其管理，保护对土著文化至关重要的物种以及发展可持续使用策略至关重要。我们的中心假设是，有效的新疗法可以源自PNG的生物财富的天然产物。这种治疗药可以为当地的利益持有人和负责任的PNG机构提供所需的收入，并激励保存生物多样性。基于大学的药物发现部分将重点关注人类免疫缺陷病毒和结核分枝杆菌，而基于行业的药物发现成分将集中在寄生虫，动物健康和其他治疗靶标上。药物发现的来源生物是海洋和陆地微生物和海洋无脊椎动物动物。有关PNG中药用植物使用的传统知识的文档和保存将是这项工作的第二个重点。药物植物的调查将由支持传统药物工作组和学生论点的项目补充，以提供药物验证和化学标准化药用植物的化学标准化，并鉴定出新型的生物活性分子。这项研究将为合作的科学家和学生提供专业发展，教育机会和技术转移。保护和生物多样性研究将集中在CTFS/Sigeo Forest动力学图中，该图已在PNG的Wanang建立，作为上一个赠款周期成就的一部分。该图是研究森林动态，碳固化和气候影响的独特而有力的研究工具。情节活动将将植物调查与生态系统研究相结合，以包括土壤微生物和小型植物。作为传统药物和植物调查工作的一部分进行的外展活动将促进资源的保护和可持续使用，并为利益持有人提供好处。政府投入制定的立法举措促进了科学交流，保护和可持续资源的使用。