Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in PNG

巴布亚新几内亚生物多样性的保护和可持续利用

• 批准号: 7664828
• 负责人: Louis R Barrows
• 金额: $ 33.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-25 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7664828
• 关键词: Actinobacteria class; Actinomyces; Area; Biodiversity; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Preservation; Collection; Country; Data; Development; Disease; Economics; Education and Outreach; Environment; Equipment and supply inventories; Evaluation; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Incentives; Income; Indigenous; Institution; Intellectual Property; London; Malaria; Marine Invertebrates; Marines; Marketing; Medicine; Melanesia; Microbe; Museums; Natural History; Nature; Papua New Guinea; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Plant Extracts; Plants; Preparation; Range; Research; Research Institute; Resources; Rights; Screening procedure; Statutes and Laws; Structure; Therapeutic; Universities; Utah; Work; drug discovery; economic value; forest; fungus; improved; microbial; neuropharmacologic agent; novel therapeutics; programs

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goals of this ICBG are to improve human health and well being through an integrated set of programs dedicated to the assessment, conservation, and rational utilization of the flora and fauna of Papua New Guinea (PNG). With more than 34 million hectares of closed tropical forests, PNG ranks 9th among the most forested tropical countries of the world. Understanding of the full range of biological resources resident in PNG is essential for their management and the preservation of species critical to indigenous cultures, and for the development of strategies for sustainable resource use. It is a central hypothesis of this work that effective new therapeutics can be derived from the natural products of PNG flora and fauna. Such therapeutics, either as Western medicines or marketed as traditional phytomedicines, can provide needed revenue to local stakeholders and responsible PNG institutions. This income would provide alterative, non-timber, economic value to PNG forests and reefs and an incentive for the preservation of biological diversity. The participants in this consortium include: 1) the University of Utah, which will participate in anti-TB, anti-HIV, anti-malaria, anticancer, and neurotropic drug discovery with Brigham Young University and the University of Miami, natural products isolation and structure determination, and grant administration; 2) the University of Papua New Guinea, which will participate in plant inventory and collection with the National Forest Research Institute, ethnomedicinal plant collection, extract preparation and screening, natural product economic evaluation, the development of intellectual property rights legislation with PNG BioNET and the Department of Environment and Conservation, outreach and education with the NGO Conservation Melanesia, and marine reef conservation and marine invertebrate inventory with The Nature Conservancy; 3) the Smithsonian Institution, which, with the Natural History Museum, London, will execute analysis of PNG flora and fauna collections that have been exported from PNG, and data repatriation; 4) Wyeth Research will isolate actinomycetes, fungi and additional microbes from unique marine and terrestrial niches, and analyze these microbial cultures, and the plant extracts prepared above, for pharmacologic potential in their disease focus areas.

描述（由申请人提供）：该洲际弹道导弹的总体目标是通过专门用于评估，保护和合理利用巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）的评估，保护和合理利用的一组综合计划来改善人类健康和福祉。 PNG拥有超过3400万公顷的封闭热带森林，在世界上最森林的热带国家中排名第9。了解居住在PNG中的全部生物资源对于其管理和保存对土著文化至关重要的物种以及为可持续资源使用策略的制定至关重要。这项工作的一个核心假设是，有效的新疗法可以源自PNG Flora和Fauna的天然产物。这种治疗药物是西方药物或以传统植物医学的销售，可以为当地利益相关者和负责任的PNG机构提供所需的收入。这一收入将为PNG森林和礁石提供替代，非周期，经济价值，并激励保存生物多样性。该财团的参与者包括：1）犹他大学，该大学将与杨百翰大学和迈阿密大学，自然产物隔离和结构确定和赠款管理，参加反-TB，反HIV，抗马里亚群岛，抗癌和神经性药物发现； 2) the University of Papua New Guinea, which will participate in plant inventory and collection with the National Forest Research Institute, ethnomedicinal plant collection, extract preparation and screening, natural product economic evaluation, the development of intellectual property rights legislation with PNG BioNET and the Department of Environment and Conservation, outreach and education with the NGO Conservation Melanesia, and marine reef conservation and marine invertebrate inventory with The Nature Conservancy; 3）史密森尼机构与伦敦自然历史博物馆一起执行已从PNG出口的PNG Flora和Fauna收藏的分析，以及数据遣返； 4）Wyeth Research将从独特的海洋和陆地壁ni中分离放线菌，真菌和其他微生物，并分析这些微生物培养物，并在上面制备的植物提取物，以便在其疾病焦点区域中提供药理潜力。