Examining How Gender Differences in Outcomes Develop Among Physician Researchers

研究医师研究人员结果中的性别差异如何发展

• 批准号: 7925684
• 负责人: Reshma Jagsi
• 金额: $ 19.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7925684
• 关键词: Age; Characteristics; Clinical; Elements; Equilibrium; Faculty; Female; Funding; Gender; Grant; Hour; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Interview; Junior Physician; K-Series Research Career Programs; Life Experience; Mediating; Medical; Medicine; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Minority; Mission; Outcome; Phase; Physicians; Population; Positioning Attribute; Publications; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Sex Characteristics; Surveys; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Wages; Woman; Work; cohort; design; follow-up; improved; male; medical schools; medical specialties; medicine man; member; men; preference; public health relevance; satisfaction; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study seeks to understand the barriers facing junior physician faculty researchers, and women in particular, in order to inform efforts to improve gender equity in academic medicine. Despite a dramatic increase in women's participation in the medical profession over the past four decades, women remain in the distinct minority in the senior positions of academic medicine. Some have dismissed these disparities as resulting from gender differences in preferences regarding the balance between work and other pursuits or between research and clinical activity. The proposed work focuses upon an extremely selective cohort of highly apt, research-oriented junior faculty members: physician-recipients of K08 and K23 mentored career development awards from the NIH. In so doing, it minimizes the impact of potential gender differences in the desire to pursue research and in access to monetary support, allowing for the impact of other challenges and barriers to be isolated. In a preliminary study, we discovered that female K08 and K23 awardees were significantly less likely to obtain a subsequent independent R01 grant than their male colleagues. In this application, we propose a mixed-methods and interdisciplinary study to illuminate why this disparity exists. Specifically, in order to identify the key elements of academic success and to investigate and promote gender equity among these highly motivated and accomplished physician-researchers, we propose a three-phase study. In the first phase, we will conduct a large-scale survey of the entire population of 1425 physicians receiving K08 and K23 Awards from the NIH in 2005-2008, in order to assess gender differences in access to critical resources, such as protected research time and mentoring. We will then proceed to conduct a qualitative analysis of interviews with 120 relevant stakeholders, including 60 former K08 and K23 recipients and their mentors. Finally, we will conduct a follow-up survey of the 1425 physicians receiving K08 and K23 Awards in 2005-2008 to determine which resources, individual, and institutional characteristics are associated with academic success, including publication, attainment of independent funding, satisfaction, promotion, and retention within academic medicine, as well as to identify which factors primarily mediate gender differences in these outcomes. In this way, this study will illuminate the key elements of academic success for men and for women, including revealing which elements are common and which are unique, allowing for the informed design of targeted interventions to improve gender equity in academic medicine. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Because women have different perspectives and different life experiences than their male colleagues, new ideas and approaches are likely to emerge from their participation in the academic enterprise. Faculty diversity is critically important for advancing the research, educational, and clinical missions of medical schools. Efforts to decrease disparities must be informed by an understanding of the mechanisms by which gender differences develop, as this application seeks to illuminate.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究旨在了解初级医师研究人员，尤其是妇女面临的障碍，以便为改善学术医学中的性别平等而努力。尽管在过去的四十年中，妇女参与医学界的参与急剧增加，但在学术医学的高级职位上，妇女仍然处于独特的少数群体。由于性别差异，在工作与其他追求之间的平衡或研究与临床活动之间的平衡中，有些人驳回了这些差异。拟议中的工作着重于非常恰当的，面向研究的初级教职员工：K08和K23的医师招聘人员从NIH获得了职业发展奖。这样一来，它最大程度地减少了潜在的性别差异在追求研究和获得货币支持的愿望中的影响，从而允许隔离其他挑战和障碍的影响。在一项初步研究中，我们发现女性K08和K23获奖者获得随后的独立R01赠款的可能性明显低于男性同事。在此应用程序中，我们提出了一项混合方法和跨学科研究，以阐明这种差异为何存在。具体而言，为了确定学术成功的关键要素，并在这些高度积极进取和有成就的医师研究人员中调查和促进性别平等，我们提出了一项三相研究。在第一阶段，我们将对2005年至2008年从NIH获得K08和K23奖项的1425名医生的整个人口进行大规模调查，以评估在受保护资源的机会方面的性别差异，例如受保护的研究时间和指导。然后，我们将继续对120名相关利益相关者的访谈进行定性分析，包括60名前K08和K23接收者及其导师。最后，我们将对2005年至2008年获得K08和K23奖的1425名医生进行后续调查，以确定哪些资源，个人和机构特征与学术成功有关，包括出版，获得独立资金，满意度，满意度，促进和保留学术医学中的独立资金，促进以及在哪些因素中确定这些因素中的性别差异，并确定这些因素的差异。通过这种方式，这项研究将阐明男性和女性学术成就的关键要素，包括揭示哪些元素是普遍的，哪些是独特的，从而允许对有针对性的干预措施进行明智的设计，以提高学术医学中的性别平等。公共卫生相关性：由于女性与男性同事具有不同的观点和不同的生活经历，因此新的想法和方法可能会从参与学术企业中出现。教师多样性对于推进医学院的研究，教育和临床任务至关重要。由于本应用程序试图阐明性别差异的理解，必须通过了解性别差异发展的机制来告知降低差异的努力。