Examining Racial and Spatial Disparities in Harmful News Media Reporting on Community Firearm Violence

审视有害新闻媒体报道社区枪支暴力的种族和空间差异

• 批准号: 10788954
• 负责人: Jessica H Beard
• 金额: $ 22.08万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-23 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10788954
• 关键词: Area; Automobile Driving; Censuses; Characteristics; Cities; Collaborations; Communities; Consensus; Crime; Data; Data Set; Dehumanization; Delphi Technique; Development; Disadvantaged; Disparity; Distress; Elements; Epidemiologist; Ethics; Event; Firearms; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Gun injury; Health; Homicide; Hospitals; Incidence; Instruction; Interpersonal Violence; Investigation; Journalism; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Measures; Minor; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Neighborhoods; Participant; Persons; Philadelphia; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Safety; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Severities; Shapes; Stereotyping; Structural Racism; Suicide; Suicide prevention; Surgeon; Television; Testing; Trauma; United States; Violence; Work; black men; community organizations; demographics; evidence base; experience; gun violence; health disparity; instrument; marginalization; marginalized population; mass shooting; multidisciplinary; news; novel; professor; racial population; response; sexual assault; social; social determinants; structural health determinants; suicide rate; violence prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY ______________________________________________________________________ Community firearm violence (CFV), defined as fatal and non-fatal shootings that result from interpersonal violence, disproportionately impacts people from structurally marginalized racial groups and occurs predominantly in communities where racist policies have resulted in systemic disinvestment. News media play a crucial role in shaping how the public and policy makers understand and respond to health threats, including firearm violence. Media typically present CFV through episodic crime reports, focused on single shooting events that depict violence as a “crime” issue, which can lead audiences to blame victims, reinforce racist stereotypes, and undermine public health responses. Our preliminary study with firearm-injured people identified that episodic crime narratives of their shootings felt dehumanizing to them and added to their trauma. Despite emerging research indicating that harmful reporting on CFV is a threat to public health that may further marginalize impacted people and communities, there is no consensus definition of harmful reporting on CFV, no instruments to measure harmful reporting on CFV, and no existing research on racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. These disparities are important to uncover, because if present, then modifying media approaches to limit harmful reporting is a potential target for mitigating structural racism, minimizing disparities in CFV incidence, and for CFV prevention. Past experience with suicide reporting indicates that when evidence- based journalistic guidelines are implemented, they can reduce harmful reporting, prevent suicide, and have a positive impact on public health. The proposed research will reduce existing gaps in scientific knowledge and contribute evidence to inform development of journalistic guidelines for reporting on CFV through the following specific aims: (1) Define harmful reporting on CFV. We will identify media approaches that are potentially harmful using the Delphi technique to achieve consensus among stakeholders identified in collaboration with partners at a community-based organization. (2) Develop and pilot a novel instrument to measure harmful reporting on CFV. We will measure the frequency and severity of harmful reporting elements identified in Aim 1 through iterative codebook development and content analysis of an existing dataset of Philadelphia television (TV) news coverage of CFV. (3) Evaluate racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will examine associations between shooting victim demographics, shooting location characteristics, and measures of harmful reporting. We hypothesize that TV news reports of firearm-injured young Black men who are shot in census block groups with more disadvantaged residents will contain more harmful elements than reports of other firearm-injured people and places. Consistent with the strategic goals of the NIMHD, this study will be the first to define and measure disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will establish the groundwork for a future R01 multi-city study to examine direct associations between harmful reporting and the incidence of CFV and to develop and test media approaches that minimize disparities in reporting and support public health responses to CFV.

项目 概括 _______________________________________________________________________ 社区枪支暴力 (CFV)，定义为人际造成的致命和非致命枪击事件 暴力对结构性边缘化种族群体的影响尤为严重，并且发生 主要是种族主义政策导致新闻媒体投资减少的社区。 在塑造公众和政策制定者如何理解和应对健康威胁方面发挥着至关重要的作用，包括 枪支暴力。媒体通常通过偶发性犯罪报道来呈现 CFV，重点关注单次枪击事件。 将暴力描述为“犯罪”问题，这可能导致观众指责受害者，强化种族主义刻板印象， 我们对枪支受伤者的初步研究发现，这种情况是偶发的。 尽管他们的枪击事件的犯罪叙述让他们感到非人性，并增加了他们的创伤。 研究表明，有关 CFV 的有害报道对公众健康构成威胁，可能会进一步边缘化 受影响的人群和社区，对于 CFV 有害报告没有达成共识的定义，没有文书 来衡量有关 CFV 的有害报道，目前还没有关于有害物质的种族和空间差异的研究 报道 CFV 时发现这些差异很重要，因为如果存在，则需要修改媒体。 限制有害报道的方法是减轻结构性种族主义、尽量减少差异的潜在目标 过去自杀报告的经验表明，当有证据时， 实施基于新闻准则的准则，可以减少有害报道、预防自杀，并有 拟议的研究将减少科学知识和知识方面的现有差距。 证据有助于通过以下方式为报道 CFV 的新闻指南的制定提供信息 具体目标： (1) 定义有关 CFV 的有害报道 我们将确定可能有害的媒体做法。 使用德尔菲技术在与合作伙伴合作确定的利益相关者之间达成共识 (2) 开发并试点一种衡量 CFV 有害报道的新工具。 我们将通过迭代衡量目标 1 中确定的有害报告要素的频率和严重性 费城电视台 (TV) 新闻报道现有数据集的码本开发和内容分析 (3) 评估有关 CFV 的有害报道的种族和空间差异。 枪击受害者人口统计、枪击地点特征和有害报道措施之间的关系。 我们捕捉到了电视新闻报道，年轻黑人男子在人口普查区遭到枪杀 与其他枪支受伤的报告相比，弱势居民的有害元素会更多 与 NIMHD 的战略目标一致，这项研究将是第一个定义和地点的研究。 衡量 CFV 有害报告的差异 我们将为未来的 R01 多城市奠定基础。 研究旨在检验有害报道与 CFV 发生率之间的直接关系，并制定和制定 测试媒体方法，尽量减少报道差异并支持公共卫生应对 CFV。