Examining Racial and Spatial Disparities in Harmful News Media Reporting on Community Firearm Violence

审视有害新闻媒体报道社区枪支暴力的种族和空间差异

• 批准号: 10788954
• 负责人: Jessica H Beard
• 金额: $ 22.08万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-23 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10788954
• 关键词: Area; Automobile Driving; Censuses; Characteristics; Cities; Collaborations; Communities; Consensus; Crime; Data; Data Set; Dehumanization; Delphi Technique; Development; Disadvantaged; Disparity; Distress; Elements; Epidemiologist; Ethics; Event; Firearms; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Gun injury; Health; Homicide; Hospitals; Incidence; Instruction; Interpersonal Violence; Investigation; Journalism; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Measures; Minor; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Neighborhoods; Participant; Persons; Philadelphia; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Safety; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Severities; Shapes; Stereotyping; Structural Racism; Suicide; Suicide prevention; Surgeon; Television; Testing; Trauma; United States; Violence; Work; black men; community organizations; demographics; evidence base; experience; gun violence; health disparity; instrument; marginalization; marginalized population; mass shooting; multidisciplinary; news; novel; professor; racial population; response; sexual assault; social; social determinants; structural health determinants; suicide rate; violence prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY ______________________________________________________________________ Community firearm violence (CFV), defined as fatal and non-fatal shootings that result from interpersonal violence, disproportionately impacts people from structurally marginalized racial groups and occurs predominantly in communities where racist policies have resulted in systemic disinvestment. News media play a crucial role in shaping how the public and policy makers understand and respond to health threats, including firearm violence. Media typically present CFV through episodic crime reports, focused on single shooting events that depict violence as a “crime” issue, which can lead audiences to blame victims, reinforce racist stereotypes, and undermine public health responses. Our preliminary study with firearm-injured people identified that episodic crime narratives of their shootings felt dehumanizing to them and added to their trauma. Despite emerging research indicating that harmful reporting on CFV is a threat to public health that may further marginalize impacted people and communities, there is no consensus definition of harmful reporting on CFV, no instruments to measure harmful reporting on CFV, and no existing research on racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. These disparities are important to uncover, because if present, then modifying media approaches to limit harmful reporting is a potential target for mitigating structural racism, minimizing disparities in CFV incidence, and for CFV prevention. Past experience with suicide reporting indicates that when evidence- based journalistic guidelines are implemented, they can reduce harmful reporting, prevent suicide, and have a positive impact on public health. The proposed research will reduce existing gaps in scientific knowledge and contribute evidence to inform development of journalistic guidelines for reporting on CFV through the following specific aims: (1) Define harmful reporting on CFV. We will identify media approaches that are potentially harmful using the Delphi technique to achieve consensus among stakeholders identified in collaboration with partners at a community-based organization. (2) Develop and pilot a novel instrument to measure harmful reporting on CFV. We will measure the frequency and severity of harmful reporting elements identified in Aim 1 through iterative codebook development and content analysis of an existing dataset of Philadelphia television (TV) news coverage of CFV. (3) Evaluate racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will examine associations between shooting victim demographics, shooting location characteristics, and measures of harmful reporting. We hypothesize that TV news reports of firearm-injured young Black men who are shot in census block groups with more disadvantaged residents will contain more harmful elements than reports of other firearm-injured people and places. Consistent with the strategic goals of the NIMHD, this study will be the first to define and measure disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will establish the groundwork for a future R01 multi-city study to examine direct associations between harmful reporting and the incidence of CFV and to develop and test media approaches that minimize disparities in reporting and support public health responses to CFV.

项目 概括 ____ 社区枪支暴力（CFV），被定义为由人际关系造成的致命枪击事件 暴力，不成比例地影响从结构边缘化的种族群体中的人，并发生 主要是种族主义政策导致系统性撤销的社区。新闻媒体播放 在塑造公众和政策制定者如何理解和应对健康威胁的过程中，包括 枪支暴力。媒体通常通过情节犯罪报告介绍CFV，重点是单次射击活动 这种将暴力描述为“犯罪”问题，可能导致观众责备虐待，加强种族主义刻板印象， 并破坏公共卫生的反应。我们与枪支损害的人的初步研究确定了这一事件 他们枪击事件的犯罪叙事使他们不人道，并增加了创伤。尽管出现了 研究表明，关于CFV的有害报告是对公共卫生的威胁，可能会进一步边缘化 受影响的人和社区，没有关于CFV有害报告的共识定义，没有工具 衡量有关CFV的有害报告，并且没有关于有害的种族和空间分布的现有研究 有关CFV的报告。这些分布对于发现很重要，因为如果存在，请修改媒体 限制有害报告的方法是减轻结构种族主义的潜在目标，最大程度地减少分布 在CFV事件中，用于预防CFV。自杀报告的过去经验表明，证据 - 实施了基于的新闻指南，它们可以减少有害报告，预防自杀并拥有 对公共卫生的积极影响。拟议的研究将减少科学知识的现有差距 为通过以下方式提供有关新闻指南的新闻指南的开发证据 具体目的：（1）在CFV上定义有害报告。我们将确定潜在有害的媒体方法 使用Delphi技术与合作伙伴合作确定的利益相关者达成共识 一个基于社区的组织。 （2）开发并试行一种新型工具，以衡量CFV上的有害报告。 我们将通过迭代来衡量AIM 1中确定的有害报告元素的频率和严重性 费城电视台现有数据集（电视）新闻报道的代码书开发和内容分析 CFV。 （3）评估CFV有害报告中的种族和空间差异。我们将检查关联 在射击受害者人口统计，射击位置特征和有害报告的措施之间。 我们假设电视新闻报道是在人口普查集团中被枪杀的年轻黑人的电视新闻报道 造成灾难的居民更多的有害因素比其他受枪支的报道更多 人和地方。与NIMHD的战略目标一致，这项研究将是第一个定义和 测量CFV有害报告中的分布。我们将为未来R01多城市建立基础 研究有害报告与CFV事件之间的直接关联，并发展和发展 测试媒体方法可最大程度地减少报告和支持公共卫生对CFV的响应的差异。