Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health and Mortality among Older Adults with Hearing Loss

听力损失老年人心血管健康和死亡率的社会决定因素

• 批准号: 10676637
• 负责人: Nasya S Tan
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10676637
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; American; Area; Biological Markers; Black race; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Chronic; Communication; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Disease; Disparity; Elderly; Ethnic Origin; Fellowship; Gender; Health; Health Insurance; Health Personnel; Health Promotion; Health and Retirement Study; Hearing; Hispanic; Hypertension; Individual; Inequity; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mentors; Myocardial Infarction; National Research Service Awards; Not Hispanic or Latino; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical assessment; Population; Process; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Services; Social Identification; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Work; aged; black women; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular health; cardiovascular risk factor; career; cohort; disability; ethnic disparity; ethnic minority; experience; health difference; health disparity; health literacy; hearing impairment; hearing loss risk; high risk; human old age (65+); improved; low health literacy; low socioeconomic status; male; mortality; peer; physical conditioning; poor health outcome; population based; pre-doctoral; prevent; programs; psychological distress; racial disparity; racial minority; sex; skills; social determinants; sociodemographic factors

PROJECT SUMMARY Hearing loss is one of the most common conditions among adults in the US. Currently, more than 30 million American adults experience some form of hearing loss and this number is expected to increase to 59.4 million people in the US by 2060. As this number increases, research focusing on health outcomes for individuals with hearing loss will become in- creasingly important. Existing research shows that those with hearing loss have poorer health outcomes compared to their hearing peers. The current literature shows that adults in the US with hearing loss were more likely to be in fair or poor health, have significantly more days of poor physical and mental health in the past month, and report serious psychologi- cal distress compared to those with little to no trouble hearing. American adults with hearing loss also had significantly lower health literacy than their hearing peers, which may affect health outcomes due to a lack of accessible health infor- mation and poor communication with health providers. Many adults first experience hearing loss in older ages as more health conditions begin to arise during this stage of life. In fact, approximately one in three people between the ages of 65 and 74 have hearing loss and nearly half of those older than 75 have difficulty hearing. Therefore, as hearing loss becomes a more common occurrence among aging adults, more research is needed to identify health disparities experienced by this population and understand factors that lead to such disparities, such as health literacy. Using nationally representative data from a US sample of older adults, the proposed F31 project will address this need with the following research aims: 1) Describe inequities in self-rated and physically assessed hearing loss by key sociodemographic factors; 2) Investigate risk differences in the relationship between hearing loss and cardiovascular outcomes by intersectional subgroups of sex/gen- der and race/ethnicity; and 3) Examine the mediating effect of health literacy in the relationship between hearing loss and cardiovascular outcomes. This research will consist of secondary data analysis using survey, physical measure, and bi- omarker data from the US Health and Retirement Study, a population-based longitudinal panel study that interviews and surveys adults aged 51 and older. The proposed training plan and mentoring team in this NIH Ruth L. Kirschstein Na- tional Research Service Award will support the successful completion of this project and will provide valuable knowledge and skills needed to establish a career as an independent researcher in the areas of aging and hearing loss. As hearing loss becomes a more common occurrence among aging individuals, research such as the proposed project will be foundational in establishing the causal pathways that lead to poorer cardiovascular outcomes and higher mortality among older adults with hearing loss, which will be key in helping to prevent, detect, diagnose, and treat diseases among adults with disabili- ties.

项目概要 听力损失是美国成年人最常见的病症之一。目前，超过3000万美国人 成年人患有某种形式的听力损失，预计到 2020 年美国这一数字将增至 5,940 万人 2060. 随着这一数字的增加，关注听力损失者健康结果的研究将变得越来越重要。 日益重要。现有研究表明，与正常人相比，听力损失者的健康状况较差 听同龄人。目前的文献表明，患有听力损失的美国成年人更有可能处于中等或较差的状态 健康状况，近一个月身心健康状况不佳的天数明显增多，并报告有严重的心理问题 与那些听力几乎没有问题或没有问题的人相比，卡尔感到痛苦。患有听力损失的美国成年人也有显着的 健康素养低于听力正常的同龄人，这可能会由于缺乏可获得的健康信息而影响健康结果 以及与医疗服务提供者的沟通不畅。许多成年人第一次出现听力损失是在老年时期，因为更多的人 健康状况在生命的这个阶段开始出现。事实上，大约三分之一的人在 65 岁之间 74 岁的人有听力损失，75 岁以上的人中有近一半有听力困难。因此，随着听力损失变得 这种情况在老年人中更为常见，需要更多的研究来确定这种情况所经历的健康差异 人口并了解导致这种差异的因素，例如健康素养。使用具有全国代表性的数据 根据美国老年人样本，拟议的 F31 项目将通过以下研究目标满足这一需求：1) 描述关键社会人口因素在自评和身体评估听力损失方面的不平等； 2）调查风险 不同性别/世代交叉亚组的听力损失与心血管结局之间的关系存在差异 der 和种族/民族； 3）检验健康素养在听力损失与听力损失之间关系中的中介作用 心血管结局。这项研究将包括使用调查、物理测量和双向数据分析 omarker 数据来自美国健康与退休研究，这是一项基于人群的纵向面板研究，采访并 调查 51 岁及以上的成年人。 NIH 中提出的培训计划和指导团队 Ruth L. Kirschstein Na- 国家研究服务奖将支持该项目的成功完成，并将提供宝贵的知识 以及在衰老和听力损失领域建立独立研究人员职业所需的技能。由于听力损失 在老年人中变得更常见，像拟议项目这样的研究将是基础性的 建立导致老年人心血管结局较差和死亡率较高的因果途径 听力损失，这对于帮助预防、检测、诊断和治疗成人残疾疾病至关重要 关系。