Extreme weather, air pollution, and stroke among an aging female population

极端天气、空气污染和老龄化女性中风

• 批准号: 10659042
• 负责人: Meredith Franklin
• 金额: $ 52.96万
• 依托单位: BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-02 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10659042
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Area; Biological; Biomass; Blood; Burn injury; California; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemicals; Cities; Cohort Studies; County; Data; Diameter; Diesel Fuels; Disasters; Disease; Disease susceptibility; Droughts; Elderly; Elements; Emergency department visit; Energy-Generating Resources; Environment; Environmental Policy; Evaluation; Event; Exposure to; Female; Fire - disasters; Gases; Geography; Health; Home; Hospitalization; Imagery; Immune; Immune Sera; Immune response; Immunologic Markers; Industrialization; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Link; Maps; Measurable; Measures; Menopause; Metals; Modeling; Myocardial Infarction; Nitrates; Nitrogen Dioxide; Participant; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Pathogenesis; Pathway interactions; Persons; Pollution; Population; Postmenopause; Predisposition; Production; Publications; Recording of previous events; Regulatory T-Lymphocyte; Reporting; Risk; Role; Seasons; Source; Stroke; Sulfate; Time; Transportation; Vulnerable Populations; Wildfire; Woman; Women' s Health; biobank; cardiovascular disorder risk; critical period; disability; extreme weather; fine particles; follow-up; human old age (65+); men; meter; metropolitan; mortality; older women; particle; population based; response; severe weather; stroke event; stroke risk; study population; systemic inflammatory response; teacher

ABSTRACT This application is in response to the PAR-19-250: “EnvironmentalInfluences on Aging: Effects of Extreme Weatherand Disaster Events on Aging Populations .”Air pollutants are especially detrimental for aging populations; exposure to air pollution as measured by ambient particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5) has been linked to diseases that increase with age, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. Older women (who outnumber men 3:2) are particularly susceptible to CVD endpoints and to stroke risk in particular; stroke risk in women doubles immediately following menopause. Extreme weather events such as wildfires and prolonged drought in the last decade alone have adversely affected air pollution exposure in states such as California. A number of metropolitan counties in the state have particulate pollution levels above federal and state ambient standards, and during extreme weather events, these levels rival that of the worst cities in the world. Our overall study objective is to evaluate the intersection of extreme weather events and air pollution in an aging female population who are at increased risk for CVDs, and in particular, at peak susceptibility for stroke. In Aim1, we will evaluate the acute effects from wildfire events by ascertaining stroke events within geographically affected areas based on satellite imagery. Elevated PM2.5 exposure estimates resulting from a wildfire event in the affected areas will be associated with hospitalizations (including emergency room visits) from stroke and CVD. In Aim 2, we will determine the role of specific PM2.5 components in stroke risk and mortality. Employing complementary satellite- and source-based approaches, we will identify key sources of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents that are attributable to stroke. Leveraging 25-years of follow-up from the study population, this aim will permit us to delineate components of air pollution from drought and wildfire events versus other (e.g., transportation, industrial) exposures. For both aims, select CVD endpoints (e.g., myocardial infarction) will also be explored. In Aim 3, we will evaluate the association between PM2.5 exposure with serum immune markers among 2000 participants whose exposures reflect a cross-section of exposure during the 2015 drought and wildfire season. This aim will inform the purported biologic underpinning for stroke and CVD risk, by key PM2.5 sources and constituents. To successfully accomplish these aims, we will leverage longitudinal data from the California Teachers Study, a geographically-defined population-based cohort study of 133,479 women whose 25 year follow-up spans: (a) key periods of stroke and CVD susceptibility in women, and (b) elevated levels of air pollution exposure in California where there have been prolonged periods of drought and numerous wildfires.

抽象的 该应用是对PAR-19-250的回应：“环境对衰老的影响：极端的影响 对人口老龄化的天气和灾难事件。“空气污染物对衰老特别有害 人口；暴露于环境特定物质（例如，PM2.5）测量的空气污染已连接 随着年龄的增加而增加的疾病，包括心血管疾病（CVD）和中风。老年妇女（谁 超出人数3：2）特别容易受到CVD终点的影响，尤其是中风风险；中风风险 更年期后的女性立即加倍。极端天气事件，例如野火和延长 仅在过去十年中，干旱就影响了加利福尼亚州等州的空气污染暴露。一个 该州的大都市县的数量高于联邦和州的特定污染水平 标准以及在极端天气事件中，这些水平的丝带是世界上最糟糕的城市。我们的 总体研究目标是评估极端天气事件和空气污染的交集 患有CVD的风险增加的女性衰老，尤其是处于高峰易感性 中风。在AIM1中，我们将通过确定中的中风事件来评估野火事件的急性影响 基于卫星图像的地理影响区域。升高的PM2.5暴露估计值 受影响地区的野火事件将与住院（包括急诊室访问）有关 来自中风和CVD。在AIM 2中，我们将确定特定PM2.5组件在中风风险中的作用和 死亡。采用完整的卫星和基于来源的方法，我们将确定 PM2.5及其化学构成可归因于中风。利用25年的随访 研究人群，这个目标将使我们能够从干旱和野火中描述空气污染的组成部分 事件与其他（例如，运输，工业）暴露。对于这两个目标，选择CVD端点（例如， 心肌梗塞）也将被探讨。在AIM 3中，我们将评估PM2.5暴露之间的关联 在2000名参与者中的血清免疫标志物，其暴露反映了暴露的横截面 在2015年的干旱和野火季节。这个目标将为中风的生物学基础提供信息 和CVD风险，由关键PM2.5来源和构成。为了成功实现这些目标，我们将利用 来自加利福尼亚教师研究的纵向数据，这是一项基于地理定义的人群研究 在133,479名妇女中，她的25年随访：（a）女性中风和CVD易感性的关键时期， （b）在加利福尼亚长期存在的加利福尼亚州空气污染的水平升高 干旱和许多野火。