Building the Science of Evidence-Informed Prevention Policy: A Multi-level Model for Supporting Substance Misuse Prevention

建立循证预防政策的科学：支持药物滥用预防的多层次模型

• 批准号: 10660188
• 负责人: Daniel Max Crowley
• 金额: $ 76.05万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-15 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10660188
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Awareness; Behavior; Code; Collaborations; Communities; Complement; Data; Family; Fostering; Frequencies; Incentives; Intervention; Interview; Language; Lobbying; Maps; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Perception; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Making; Population; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Process; Productivity; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Publishing; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Schools; Science; Source; Statutes and Laws; Surveys; Testing; Time; Translating; Voting; Work; Youth; effectiveness evaluation; effectiveness research; evidence base; experimental study; improved; insight; model design; mortality; multilevel analysis; outreach; prevention service; response; substance misuse; substance misuse prevention; theories; time use

Project Summary If science is to inform policy and ultimately improve public health, the field needs an effective strategy for directly supporting policymakers’ use of research evidence. However, our field lacks an evidence-based model designed for supporting state policymakers’ use of prevention research in crafting legislation. Instead, we continue to largely rely on ad hoc strategies for translating prevention research (e.g., opportunistic outreach and responding to policymakers’ requests if or when they are made). Accordingly, we propose an experimental study of a formal, theory-based approach for supporting policymakers’ use of scientific evidence that does not involve lobbying— the Research-to-Policy Collaboration (RPC) Model. The RPC fosters productive engagement between the policy and research communities by implementing systematic capacity building and outreach strategies. Previous experimental work on the RPC demonstrated the ability of this model to increase engagement between researchers and policymakers, increase policymakers’ value for research evidence, and improve their use of scientific evidence in their policymaking.1 We propose a state-level randomized controlled trial of the RPC (N = 30 state legislatures) that will evaluate the model’s ability to improve engagement between state policymakers’ and the prevention science community, build policymakers’ awareness and value of substance misuse prevention research, and subsequently their use of research evidence throughout the policymaking process. To accomplish this, we will test three specific research aims. Aim 1 will assess historical and current use of research evidence in state legislation pertaining to substance misuse prevention. This will involve qualitative coding of bills introduced by state legislatures over the last five years. Aim 2 will compare the frequency and quality of engagement with prevention researchers between the intervention and control conditions. Additionally, we will assess how the RPC model influences policymakers’ value and awareness of substance misuse prevention over time using a validated survey across three time points. Aim 3 will evaluate the effectiveness of the RPC on legislators’ actual use of research in legislation by observing and quantifying changes in legislator behavior related to research use. Improving the use of scientific information in policymaking can reduce population-level substance misuse by increasing the availability of evidence-based prevention programs and policies.

项目摘要 如果科学要告知政策并最终改善公共卫生，则该领域需要有效的策略直接 支持决策者对研究证据的使用。但是，我们的领域缺乏设计的基于证据的模型 用于支持国家决策者在制定立法中使用预防研究。相反，我们继续 在很大程度上依靠临时策略来翻译预防研究（例如，机会主义的外展和回应 根据决策者的要求，或者是何时提出的要求）。根据，我们提出了一项正式的实验研究， 基于理论的方法来支持决策者使用不涉及游说的科学证据的使用 - 研究对政策合作（RPC）模型。 RPC促进了政策之间的产品参与 和研究社区通过实施系统的能力建设和外展策略。以前的 RPC上的实验性工作证明了该模型增加参与度的能力 研究人员和政策制定者，提高政策制定者对研究证据的价值，并改善其对 1我们在决策中的科学证据。1我们提出了一项RPC的州级随机对照试验（n = 30个州立法机关）将评估该模型提高国家决策者之间参与的能力 以及预防科学界，建立政策制定者的意识和滥用物质的价值 预防研究，以及随后在整个决策过程中使用研究证据。到 做到这一点，我们将测试三个具体的研究目的。 AIM 1将评估研究的历史和当前使用 与滥用毒品有关的州立法中的证据。这将涉及定性编码 在过去五年中，州立法机关提出的法案。 AIM 2将比较 与预防研究人员的干预和控制条件之间的互动。此外，我们会的 评估RPC模型如何影响政策制定者的价值和对滥用物质预防的意识 在三个时间点上使用经过验证的调查的时间。 AIM 3将评估RPC的有效性 立法者通过观察和量化立法者行为的变化来实际使用研究中的研究 与研究用途有关。改善在决策中使用科学信息可以减少人口级别 通过增加基于证据的预防计划和政策的可用性来减少物质。