Effects of peer victimization on physiological markers of threat sensitivity in adolescents

同伴受害对青少年威胁敏感性生理标志的影响

• 批准号: 10449011
• 负责人: Hilary Marusak
• 金额: $ 23.1万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10449011
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Baseline Surveys; Biological; Blinking; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive Therapy; Data; Deltastab; Detection; Development; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Female; Foundations; Fright; Future; Gender; Goals; Health Status; Interruption; Investigation; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Mental Health; Modification; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Physiological; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Process; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Seeds; Series; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Surveys; Taxes; Testing; Time; Trauma; Variant; Victimization; Work; Youth; anxiety symptoms; anxiety treatment; base; bullying; child and adolescent victimization; childhood adversity; cognitive benefits; cost; design; diagnostic tool; early life adversity; emotional distress; experience; follow up assessment; follow-up; high risk; indexing; innovation; neglect; neuroimaging; novel; peer; peer victimization; preventive intervention; prospective; psychobiologic; response; sex; social; social exclusion; social relationships; stem; stressor; therapeutic target

Bullying, or peer victimization, is a particularly salient stressor that affects over 5 million adolescents in the US every year, regardless of ethnicity, gender, or socioeconomic status. During adolescence, when concerns with fitting in and gaining peer approval are heightened, experiences of peer abuse can elicit emotional distress and fear of continued harassment. Indeed, work by MPI Schacter and others implicates peer victimization as a unique prospective risk factor for anxiety during adolescence and indicates that chronic victims are two to three times more likely to develop an anxiety disorder than their nonvictimized peers. Moreover, whereas overt (i.e., physical or verbal) victimization becomes less frequent as children get older, relational victimization (i.e., damage to social relationships) remains common and becomes increasingly emotionally taxing during adolescence. Despite the strong and pervasive link between relational peer victimization and the development of anxiety during adolescence, little is known about the underlying psychobiological mechanisms that account for and maintain such associations. Given that stress-related biological alterations can predate mental health problems and current treatments for anxiety are costly and intensive, it is crucial to identify malleable therapeutic targets that can mitigate the emotional toll of peer trauma. The proposed R21 will evaluate threat sensitivity as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of anxiety in peer victimized youth. The project will be the first to examine the unique effects of peer victimization on physiological responses to threat during adolescence and evaluate the prospective effect of aberrant threat sensitivity on adolescent anxiety. In particular, we predict 1) compared to less victimized adolescents, more frequently victimized adolescents will exhibit an exaggerated physiological response to potential threat during two validated tasks; 2) heightened physiological threat responses will prospectively predict adolescent anxiety. MPI Marusak and co-I Jovanovic have used these approaches in other pediatric populations in previous and ongoing studies, and have demonstrated that threat biases (i.e., heightened arousal to potential threat) partially stem from childhood adversities, such as being the target of familial abuse or neglect. However, the proposed study will be the first to examine prospective associations among peer victimization, physiological markers of threat sensitivity, and anxiety in adolescents. This novel line of work will directly inform future investigations examining threat sensitivity as a mechanism and provide initial support for threat sensitivity as an important diagnostic tool to 1) identify peer victimized youth who are at the greatest risk for developing anxiety and may benefit from cognitive bias modification or other threat sensitivity reduction approaches, and 2) inform the design and modification of developmentally sensitive cognitive behavioral intervention approaches. The proposed study provides a foundation for future research incorporating a larger sample and neuroimaging measures to longitudinally examine peer victimization as an impetus for neurobiological changes that increase anxiety risk.

欺凌或同伴受害是一种特别突出的压力源，影响美国超过500万青少年 每年，无论种族，性别或社会经济地位如何。在青春期，当 安装和获得同伴的批准得到了加强，同伴虐待的经历会引起情绪困扰，并且 害怕继续骚扰。的确，MPI Schacter和其他人的工作暗示了同伴受害 在青春期期间焦虑的独特前瞻性危险因素，并表明慢性受害者是两到三个 与非恶毒的同龄人相比，发展焦虑症的可能性更大。此外，虽然公开（即 随着孩子的年龄增长，关系受害（即 对社会关系的损害）仍然很普遍，并在情感上越来越多 青春期。尽管关系受害与发展之间有着密切而普遍的联系 青春期的焦虑，对说明的基本心理生物学机制知之甚少 为了维护和维护这样的关联。鉴于与压力相关的生物学改变可以早于心理健康 问题和当前焦虑治疗是昂贵且密集的，至关重要的是识别可延展性 可以减轻同伴创伤的情感损失的治疗靶标。拟议的R21将评估威胁 敏感性是预防和治疗同伴受害青年焦虑的潜在目标。项目 将是第一个研究同伴受害对威胁的生理反应的独特影响的人 青春期并评估异常威胁敏感性对青少年焦虑的前瞻性影响。在 特别是，我们预测1）与受害的青少年相比，更频繁的受害青少年将 在两个经过验证的任务中，表现出对潜在威胁的夸大生理反应； 2）增强 生理威胁反应将预测青少年焦虑。 MPI Marusak和Co-I Jovanovic 在以前和正在进行的研究中都使用了其他儿科人群中的这些方法，并且 证明威胁偏见（即引起潜在威胁的唤醒）部分源自童年 逆境，例如是家庭虐待或忽视的目标。但是，拟议的研究将是第一个 检查同伴受害，威胁敏感性的生理标志和 青少年的焦虑。这项新颖的工作将直接为未来检查威胁的调查提供信息 敏感性作为一种机制，并为威胁敏感性提供初始支持，作为1）的重要诊断工具 确定受害的年轻人有最大的焦虑风险，可能会从认知中受益 偏见修改或其他威胁敏感性降低方法，以及2）告知设计和修改 发育敏感的认知行为干预方法。拟议的研究提供了 未来研究的基础，结合了更大的样本和神经影像措施 将同伴受害视为神经生物学变化的动力，以增加焦虑风险。