Family Instability and Selection Effects on Children

家庭不稳定和选择对孩子的影响

• 批准号: 6772494
• 负责人: PAULA W FOMBY
• 金额: $ 8.18万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6772494
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; early experience; emotions; family structure /dynamics; growth /development; human data; longitudinal human study; parents; quality of life

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study tests the relative strength of two hypotheses that may explain the association between the number of transitions in family structure that a child experiences and his or her cognitive achievement and socioemotional well being. The instability hypothesis, which is gaining support in family sociology, argues that children who experience more family structure transitions experience poorer developmental outcomes as a result. Several studies have reported findings consistent with this association, and some argue that the effects of instability in family structure may be stronger than the effects of living with a single parent per se. But a plausible alternative explanation is that family instability and poorer child development may be associated with each other through common causal factors that reflect parents' antecedent behavior and attributes. The investigators refer to this explanation as the selection hypothesis. The instability and selection hypotheses have not been directly tested against each other. The investigators propose to test them using nationally representative longitudinal data that includes detailed information on children's behavioral and cognitive development, family history, and mother's background prior to the child's birth. The proposed data are the 1979 through 2000 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and its 2000 mother-child supplement. The analyses focus on children who were 8 to 14 in 2000 because they constituted the most representative sub-sample of American children. Outcome variables measured in 2000 include indicators of children's cognitive achievement and internalizing and externalizing behavior. Key sets of predictor variables include: (1) measures of the children's family structure histories, including the number of transitions; and (2) measures of mothers' problem behavior obtained between 1979 and 1986, before any of the children in the sub-sample were born. The proposed methods include OLS regression and multiple-indicator, latent-variable models. If accounting for mother's background substantially reduces the associations between transitions and child outcomes, the analyses would provide support for the selection hypothesis. Both hypotheses would receive support if the effect of transitions were substantially reduced but still statistically significant in the presence of controls for mother's background.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究测试了两个假设的相对强度，这两个假设可以解释儿童经历的家庭结构转变次数与其认知成就和社会情感健康之间的关联。不稳定假说在家庭社会学中得到了支持，该假说认为，经历更多家庭结构转变的孩子的发展结果会较差。一些研究报告的结果与这种关联一致，一些研究认为家庭结构不稳定的影响可能比与单亲父母一起生活本身的影响更大。但另一种似乎合理的解释是，家庭不稳定和儿童发育不良可能通过反映父母先前行为和属性的常见因果因素相互关联。研究人员将这种解释称为选择假设。不稳定性和选择假设尚未直接相互检验。研究人员建议使用具有全国代表性的纵向数据来测试它们，其中包括儿童行为和认知发展、家族史以及孩子出生前母亲背景的详细信息。拟议的数据是 1979 年至 2000 年的全国青年纵向调查 (NLSY) 及其 2000 年母子补充数据。分析重点关注 2000 年 8 至 14 岁的儿童，因为他们构成了美国儿童中最具代表性的子样本。 2000 年测量的结果变量包括儿童认知成就以及内化和外化行为的指标。关键的预测变量集包括： (1) 儿童家庭结构历史的测量，包括转变的次数； (2) 1979 年至 1986 年间，在子样本中的任何孩子出生之前，对母亲的问题行为进行测量。所提出的方法包括 OLS 回归和多指标、潜变量模型。如果考虑到母亲的背景大大减少了转变与儿童结果之间的关联，那么分析将为选择假设提供支持。如果转变的影响大幅降低，但在母亲背景控制的情况下仍然具有统计显着性，则这两种假设都将得到支持。