Signals to Feed: Biological and Associative Mechanisms

进食信号：生物和联想机制

基本信息

批准号：
9514145
负责人：
TERRY L DAVIDSON
金额：
$ 32.39万
依托单位：
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-15 至 2020-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9514145
关键词：
Address Adverse effects Agonist Animals Appetitive Behavior Attention Behavior Behavioral Beverages Biological Body Weight Body Weight decreased Brain Cognitive Comorbidity Consummatory Behavior Consumption Cues Desire for food Diet Eating Eating Behavior Energy Intake Environment Equilibrium Exhibits Exposure to Face Failure Fatty acid glycerol esters Female Food Food deprivation (experimental)Foundations Future Health Heart Diseases Hippocampus (Brain)Hyperphagia Hypersensitivity Incidence Intake Intervention Intuition Knowledge Laboratories Lead Learning Marketing Memory Methods Modeling Morbid Obesity Nature Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Obesity Palate Phenotype Physiological Physiology Process Quality of life Rattus Regulation Research Resistance Satiation Sex Characteristics Sex Functioning Signal Transduction Societies Stimulus Stroke Structure Suggestion Techniques Thinness Weight Gain Woman Wood material Work base behavior influence deprivation energy balance feeding glucagon-like peptide 1 internal control ketogenic diet male memory process men obesogenic operation pandemic disease prevent relating to nervous system response saturated fat sex sugar trend western diet

项目摘要

A longstanding idea is that the regulation of energy intake and body weight depends on the integrative control by external food-related cues in the environment and physiological signals arising from the internal milieu. In fact, according to several accounts the ability of such environmental food cues to evoke appetitive and consummatory responding is held in check by interoceptive satiety signals that inhibit those behaviors. Within this framework, energy dysregulation leading to obesity can be seen as a failure of interoceptive satiety cues to adequately counter response evocation by food cues in the environment. This type of failure would presumably be an important contributor to what has been termed the “obesogenic” environment. The purpose of research proposed in this application is to elucidate the factors that contribute, to and the mechanisms that underlie, the weakening of internal stimulus control of appetitive behavior relative to control by external food-related stimuli. Based on recent research from our laboratory and elsewhere, we propose that both the ability of environmental cues to evoke eating and the ability of physiological cues to inhibit intake are dependent on learning and memory. However, both types of cues involve different types of learning and memory processes that rely on distinct brain structures and circuits are involved with the evocation, compared to the inhibition, of appetitive and consummatory behavior. The research we plan to do will evaluate a specific, mechanistic, and testable account that explains how consuming a diet high in saturated fat and sugar (a.k.a. “Western diet” (WD)) can disturb the function and physiology of the hippocampus (a brain structure long-identified with learning and memory). These disturbances reduce the ability of internal satiety signals to inhibit eating behavior evoked by signals in the environment related to food. Research planned in this application will advance knowledge about the operation of this mechanism, along with its neural substrates, in both male and female rats and will investigate the implications of this model for interventions that could both prevent excess intake and body weight gain and restore normal regulatory function following consumption of WD.

长期以来的一个观点是能量摄入和体重的调节取决于积分控制通过环境中与食物相关的外部线索和内部环境产生的生理信号。事实上，根据一些说法，这种环境食物线索能够唤起食欲和完成性反应受到抑制这些行为的内感受饱足感信号的控制。在这个框架中，导致肥胖的能量失调可以被视为内感受饱足感线索的失败。充分应对环境中食物线索引发的反应。成为所谓的“致肥胖”环境的重要贡献者研究的目的。本申请中提出的目的是阐明促成该现象的因素以及其背后的机制。相对于外部食物相关刺激的控制，内部刺激对食欲行为的控制减弱。根据我们实验室和其他地方的最新研究，我们建议环境的能力引起进食的线索和抑制进食的生理线索的能力取决于学习和然而，两种类型的线索都涉及依赖于不同类型的学习和记忆过程。与食欲的抑制相比，不同的大脑结构和回路与食欲的唤起有关。我们计划进行的研究将评估具体的、机械的和可测试的行为。该帐户解释了食用富含饱和脂肪和糖的饮食（又名“西方饮食”（WD））如何可以扰乱海马体（一种长期被认为与学习和学习有关的大脑结构）的功能和生理机能这些干扰降低了内部饱腹感信号抑制饮食行为的能力。该应用中计划的研究将促进有关食品的环境中的信号。该机制及其神经基质在雄性和雌性大鼠中的运作以及意志研究该模型对既可以防止过量摄入又可以防止身体健康的干预措施的影响食用 WD 后体重增加并恢复正常调节功能。