Leveraging School Environments to Shape Social Networks and Reduce Adolescent Substance Use-- A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Social Network Intervention

利用学校环境塑造社交网络并减少青少年药物使用——社交网络干预的随机试点试验

• 批准号: 9318500
• 负责人: Rebecca N Dudovitz
• 金额: $ 21.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9318500
• 关键词: Admission activity; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Behavior; Brain; Color; Data; Development; Disease; Dropout; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Education; Emotional; Enrollment; Environment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Face; Failure; Foundations; Frequencies; Friendships; Future; Future Teacher; Gender; Geographic state; Grouping; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Lead; Link; Low income; Marijuana; Mediating; Minority; Mission; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Observational Study; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Performance; Policies; Prevention; Problem behavior; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Schools; Shapes; Social Network; Students; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Work; Youth; adolescent health; adolescent substance use; behavior change; behavioral outcome; boys; college; computerized; elementary school; eleventh grade; high school; higher education; improved; marijuana use; minority student; ninth grade; peer; peer networks; pressure; prevent; programs; randomized trial; reduced substance use; social; social norm; substance use prevention; teacher; tenth grade; theories; twelfth grade

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Leveraging School Environments to Shape Social Networks and Prevent Substance Use—A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Social Network Intervention Despite decades of prevention work, recent data suggest that, by the end of high school, over 27% of teens regularly use marijuana and nearly 47% regularly use alcohol. Although social networks are thought to have a strong influence on adolescent substance use, few interventions target social networks to improve health behaviors. Specifically, it remains unknown whether schools might intentionally re-wire adolescent social networks to prevent or reduce substance use. Advancement via Individual Determination (AVID) is a widely disseminated college preparatory program targeting students in the academic middle (largely B and C-average students) for additional academic and emotional support. AVID removes middle-tier students from typical classrooms and groups them together with high performing students, exposing them to a peer network in which academic performance and positive social norms are valued. In addition, by strengthening the student/teacher relationship, AVID expands students' network of supportive adults. Although evaluations of AVID suggest it improves educational outcomes, particularly for boys, there are no studies investigating whether it improves health behaviors like substance use. Using a randomized controlled study design, this pilot will test whether AVID re-wires social networks and reduces substance use among high school youth, the specific aims of which are 1) to evaluate whether students randomized to AVID report healthier social networks (lower proportion of peers engaging in risky behaviors and a higher number of supportive adults) compared with control students; 2) to determine whether AVID students report decreased frequency of 30-day alcohol, marijuana and other drug use compared to control students and whether associations between AVID and substance use are modified by gender; and 3) To examine whether peer or adult social network changes predict changes in substance use and, if exposure to AVID is associated with substance use, whether these associations are mediated by changes in peer or adult networks. Students who qualify for entry into AVID will be randomized via an admissions lottery to receive an invitation into the program or not. Intervention and control students will be assessed via a computerized survey at baseline, prior to entering high school, and then annually at the end of 9th, 10th and 11th grade. Student surveys will ask about substance use behaviors and the students' personal social network, and will be matched with their academic data from the Department of Education. Information to be gained from this study can elucidate potential causal pathways linking school environments, social networks, and substance use, forming the basis for a large-scale evaluation of AVID and the development of future social network interventions. This topic is in keeping with NIDA's mission to develop and disseminate research that significantly improves prevention, treatment and policy as it relates to drug abuse and addiction.

项目概要/摘要 利用学校环境塑造社交网络并防止药物使用——试点 社交网络干预的随机试验 尽管进行了数十年的预防工作，但最近的数据表明，到高中结束时，超过 27% 的青少年 经常吸食大麻，近 47% 的人经常酗酒，尽管社交网络被认为具有一定的吸引力。 对青少年物质使用影响很大，很少有针对社交网络来改善健康的干预措施 具体来说，目前尚不清楚学校是否会有意重新调整青少年的社交行为。 通过个人决定（AVID）预防或减少药物使用的网络是一个广泛的网络。 针对学术中等水平的学生（主要是平均 B 和 C 的学生）传播大学预科课程 AVID 将中层学生从典型学生中剔除 课堂上，并将他们与表现出色的高中生分组在一起，让他们接触到同侪网络，其中 此外，通过加强学生/教师的力量，学业成绩和积极的社会规范也受到重视。 尽管 AVID 的评估表明这一点，但 AVID 扩大了学生的成人支持网络。 改善教育成果，特别是对于男孩来说，没有研究调查它是否可以改善 该试点项目将使用随机对照研究设计来测试药物使用等健康行为。 AVID 重新连接社交网络并减少高中青少年的药物使用，其具体目标 1) 评估随机分配到 AVID 的学生是否报告了更健康的社交网络（较低比例的 与对照组学生相比，有更多参与危险行为的同龄人以及更多支持的成年人； 2) 确定 AVID 学生是否报告 30 天内饮酒、吸食大麻和其他药物的频率有所下降 与对照组学生相比，药物使用情况以及 AVID 和药物使用之间是否存在关联 按性别进行修改；3) 检查同伴或成人社交网络的变化是否可以预测 物质使用，如果接触 AVID 与物质使用有关，这些关联是否 通过同伴或成人网络的变化来调解有资格进入 AVID 的学生将通过随机分配。 是否会收到干预和控制学生的邀请的入学抽签。 在进入高中之前，通过计算机化调查进行基线评估，然后每年在高中结束时进行评估 9 年级、10 年级和 11 年级学生调查将询问学生的物质使用行为和个人情况。 社交网络，并将与教育信息部的学术数据进行匹配。 从这项研究中获得的信息可以阐明连接学校环境、社会 网络和物质使用，构成了大规模评估 AVID 和开发的基础 该主题符合 NIDA 开发和传播的使命。 显着改善与药物滥用和成瘾相关的预防、治疗和政策的研究。