Differential contributions of frontal lobe areas to eye/hand coordination

额叶区域对眼/手协调的不同贡献

基本信息

批准号：
8685340
负责人：
Aaron Paul Batista
金额：
$ 37.02万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-15 至 2016-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8685340
关键词：
Affect American Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Animals Anterior Area Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain Injuries Cerebral cortex Code Data Data Set Dorsal Environment Eye Eye Movements Goals Hand Image Individual Learning Life Light Longitudinal Studies Macaca mulatta Modality Monkeys Motor Movement Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Muscle Contraction Nervous System Physiology Neuraxis Neuronal Plasticity Neurons Ocular Fixation Pattern Peripheral Plastics Positioning Attribute Prevalence Primates Process Property Prosthesis Design Research Research Personnel Retina Rewards Role Saccades Sensory Shapes Signal Transduction Spinal cord injury Staging Technology Testing Training Translations Vision Visual Work arm comparative experience eye hand coordination flexibility frontal lobe gaze grasp innovation interest limb amputation motivated behavior motor control motor disorder neural prosthesis novel prevent relating to nervous system response sample fixation sensory mechanism stroke recovery visual motor

Affect American Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Animals Anterior Area Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain Injuries Cerebral cortex Code Data Data Set Dorsal Environment Eye Eye Movements Goals Hand Image Individual Learning Life Light Longitudinal Studies Macaca mulatta Modality Monkeys Motor Movement Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Muscle Contraction Nervous System Physiology Neuraxis Neuronal Plasticity Neurons Ocular Fixation Pattern Peripheral Plastics Positioning Attribute Prevalence Primates Process Property Prosthesis Design Research Research Personnel Retina Rewards Role Saccades Sensory Shapes Signal Transduction Spinal cord injury Staging Technology Testing Training Translations Vision Visual Work arm comparative experience eye hand coordination flexibility frontal lobe gaze grasp innovation interest limb amputation motivated behavior motor control motor disorder neural prosthesis novel prevent relating to nervous system response sample fixation sensory mechanism stroke recovery visual motor

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As we interact with our environment, we perform dextrous, coordinated movements of multiple effectors. I am particularly interested in eye/hand coordination - the processes by which we use vision to guide our arm and hand movements. We study the premotor cortex in Rhesus monkeys trained to perform visuomotor behaviors. Neurons in premotor cortex are active in relation to reaching, and some of them project polysynaptically to the eye muscles, which implicates them in eye/hand coordination. The two overarching goals of this research are complementary: First, we will study the conditions under which sensory-motor transformations can be modified. Our pilot data suggest that training experience and the immediate demands of behavior can shape neural response properties, causing premotor neurons to become more sensitive to the position of the eyes. Inducing a sensitivity to a new sensory modality is an extreme form of neural plasticity, of a type typically only seen after brain injury. The second goal of this research is to explore the role of the premotor cortex in behavior. Our pilot data indicate that premotor cortex may be even more versatile and flexible than is typically assumed. The chief significance of this research is that it will change our understanding of sensory-motor processing by showing it is more flexible and malleable than has been presumed. The chief innovation is in our use of multielectrode array recordings to perform longitudinal studies of learning in multiple brain areas simultaneously. Our main approach is to record high-volume neural data sets from multiple cortical areas while monkeys learn and perform motor behaviors. This will provide a rich and high-impact data set that will yield detailed comparative information about the premotor cortices.

描述（由申请人提供）：当我们与环境互动时，我们执行了多个效应子的敏捷，协调的运动。我对眼睛/手部协调特别感兴趣 - 我们使用视觉指导手臂和手部动作的过程。我们研究了经过训练以执行视觉运动行为的恒河猴猴子中的前皮层。运动前皮层中的神经元与到达相关，其中一些是多突触向眼部肌肉的投射，这意味着它们与眼睛/手部配位有关。这项研究的两个总体目标是互补的：首先，我们将研究可以修改感觉运动转换的条件。我们的试点数据表明，训练经验和行为的直接需求可以塑造神经反应的特性，从而导致前神经元对眼睛的位置更加敏感。诱导对新感觉方式的敏感性是神经可塑性的一种极端形式，通常仅在脑损伤后看到。这项研究的第二个目标是探索前皮层在行为中的作用。我们的试点数据表明，前皮层可能比通常假设的更通用和灵活。这项研究的主要意义在于，它将通过证明它比假定的更灵活和延展性来改变我们对感觉运动处理的理解。主要创新是我们使用多电极阵列记录来同时对多个大脑领域进行学习的纵向研究。我们的主要方法是在猴子学习和执行运动行为的同时记录来自多个皮质区域的大批量神经数据集。这将提供丰富而高影响的数据集，该数据集将提供有关前皮层的详细比较信息。