Eating-Related Self-Regulation and Its Neural Substrates as Mechanisms Underlying the Sleep/Eating Behavior Association in Children with Overweight/Obesity: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study

饮食相关的自我调节及其神经基质作为超重/肥胖儿童睡眠/饮食行为关联的机制：一项生态瞬时评估研究

• 批准号: 9797322
• 负责人: Andrea Beth Goldschmidt
• 金额: $ 61.9万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9797322
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Attention; Beds; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Body Weight; Brain; Brain region; Cellular Phone; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Crossover Design; Cues; Data; Development; Diet; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Ecological momentary assessment; Energy Intake; Environment; Food; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Hour; Inferior frontal gyrus; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Link; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Nature; Nucleus Accumbens; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Photography; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Polysomnography; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Preventive Intervention; Process; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Reducing diet; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Role; Running; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep disturbances; Task Performances; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Youth; actigraphy; aged; base; cardiometabolic risk; cardiovascular disorder risk; critical period; evidence base; experience; experimental study; field study; improved; innovation; neurobehavioral; neuromechanism; obesity risk; peer; prospective; psychologic; psychosocial; putamen; relating to nervous system; response; secondary outcome; sleep behavior; sleep pattern

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Insufficient sleep and excess weight status contribute to adverse health outcomes across the lifespan, including risk for cardiometabolic disease. Cross-sectional data suggest that children with overweight/obesity are more likely to experience sleep disturbances than their non-overweight peers. Although the nature of this association may be bidirectional, prospective studies indicate that sleep impacts body weight regulation through multiple physiological and psychological pathways. In particular, insufficient sleep is related to greater energy intake and reduced diet quality in children. Although mechanisms explaining the association between sleep and eating behavior are poorly understood, sleep restriction has been found to impact brain processes related to reward valuation of food and self-regulation, the behavioral manifestations of which may increase susceptibility to suboptimal dietary behaviors and subsequent weight gain. A limitation of prior research on mechanisms is that much of it has been conducted in adults and in laboratory settings, thereby calling into question the ecological validity of the findings. Alternatively, studies on sleep restriction/extension in children’s natural environments have relied on retrospective reporting of eating behavior, included children across the weight spectrum, and had limited focus on underlying mechanisms, particularly neural substrates. A clearer understanding of momentary mechanisms involved in the sleep/eating association could improve development and/or refinement of sleep-related interventions, particularly those delivered in real time when risk for engaging in maladaptive eating is highest. The proposed R01 study will examine prospective associations among sleep, eating-related self-regulation, and eating behavior in the natural environment. Community-based children with overweight or obesity (n=120) will undergo a naturalistic protocol involving assessment of typical sleep and eating patterns (week 1), followed by sleep restriction or extension (weeks 2 and 3, separated by a 7-day wash-out), the latter occurring within a randomized crossover design. Assessment throughout the study period will involve daily actigraphy measurement of sleep patterns; repeated daily self-reports on eating behavior and behavioral assessment of eating-related self-regulation; and intermittent 24-hour dietary recalls informed by daily real-time food photography. Participants will complete fMRI-based assessment of neural activation during an eating-related self-regulation task after each week-long period of sleep restriction and extension. Overall aims are to assess short-term effects of sleep extension versus restriction on eating-related self-regulation (including behavioral and neural performance) and naturalistic eating behavior. These data will clarify timing and trajectory of changes in eating behavior and self-regulatory mechanisms as a consequence of sleep patterns. The proposed study has clear potential to advance scientific and clinical understanding of mechanisms involved in the prospective associations between inadequate sleep and maladaptive eating in youth and inform interventions to alleviate their cumulative personal and societal burden.

项目摘要/摘要 睡眠不足和超过体重状况会导致整个寿命的不良健康结果， 包括心脏代谢疾病的风险。横截面数据表明超重/肥胖的儿童 比非过量同龄人更有可能遇到睡眠灾难。虽然这种本质 关联可能是双向的，前瞻性研究表明睡眠会影响体重调节 通过多种身体和心理途径。特别是，睡眠不足与更大有关 能量摄入量和儿童饮食质量降低。尽管解释了 睡眠和饮食行为的理解很少，已经发现睡眠限制会影响大脑过程 与食物和自我调节的奖励价值有关，其行为表现可能会增加 对次优的饮食行为和随后的体重增加的敏感性。先前研究的局限 机制是在成年人和实验室环境中进行的大部分机制，从而呼吁 询问发现的生态有效性。或者，关于儿童睡眠限制/扩展的研究 自然环境对饮食行为的回顾性报告放松了，其中包括各地的儿童 体重光谱，对潜在机制，尤其是神经底物的关注量有限。更清晰 了解睡眠/饮食协会涉及的瞬时机制可以改善发展 和/或与睡眠相关的干预措施的完善，尤其是那些在参与风险时实时提供的干预措施 在适应不良的饮食中最高。拟议的R01研究将检查睡眠之间的前瞻性关联， 与饮食相关的自我调节和自然环境中的饮食行为。以社区为基础的儿童 超重或肥胖症（n = 120）将进行自然主义协议，涉及评估典型睡眠和 饮食模式（第1周），然后进行睡眠限制或延长（第2周和第3周），分别为7天 洗净），后者发生在随机跨界设计中。整个研究期间的评估 将涉及每天的行程测量睡眠模式；每天都在饮食行为和 与饮食相关的自我调节的行为评估；和间歇性的24小时饮食召回 每日实时食品摄影。参与者将完成基于fMRI的神经激活评估 每个星期的睡眠限制和延伸后，一项与饮食相关的自我调节任务。全面的 目的是评估睡眠扩展版本限制对饮食相关自我调节的短期影响 （包括行为和神经表现）以及自然主义的饮食行为。这些数据将阐明时间安排 由于睡眠而导致饮食行为和自我调节机制的变化轨迹 模式。拟议的研究具有明确的潜力，可以提高科学和临床对 在睡眠不足与不良适应性饮食之间涉及的机制 青年并告知干预措施，以减轻其累积的个人和社会负担。