A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
针对羊和人类吸血线虫寄生虫的双用途疫苗
基本信息
- 批准号:9795199
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 52.7万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-09-05 至 2024-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AdjuvantAdultAncylostoma (genus)AnemiaAnimal ModelAnimalsAnthelminticsAntibodiesAntigensBehaviorBloodCD69 antigenCattleChildClinical TrialsCognitive deficitsComplementCountryDataDehydrationDepressed moodDevelopmentDiseaseEconomicsEducationEnvironmentFutureGenesGenetic TranscriptionGenetic VariationGenomicsGoalsGoatGrowthHaemonchusHairHamstersHealthHookworm InfectionsHookwormsHumanImmuneImmune systemImmunocompetentImmunocompromised HostImmunologicsImpaired cognitionInfectionIngestionIntestinesIron deficiency anemiaLaboratoriesLeadLethargiesLifeLife Cycle StagesMalnutritionMedicalMulti-Drug ResistanceNecatorNematodaNutrientOutcomeParasitesPathogenicityPeptide HydrolasesPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacotherapyPhase I Clinical TrialsPhylogenetic AnalysisPlanet EarthPreventive vaccineProductionProductivityProteinsReproductionResearchResistanceRoleRuminantsSheepSpecificityStrongylidaSystemTechniquesTestingToxinVaccinatedVaccine AntigenVaccinesVeterinary MedicineWeightWoolacquired immunitybaseburden of illnesscomparativecomparative genomicsdisabilitydrug efficacyfeedingfood securitygastrointestinalgenome-wide analysishuman modelimmunosuppressedimprovedin vivonematode antigennovel vaccinespreclinical studypreventprophylacticsuccesstraittranscriptometranscriptome sequencingtranscriptomicsvaccine candidatevaccine developmentvaccine efficacyvaccine trial
项目摘要
Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines permitted)
Hookworms (genera Ancylostoma and Necator) and Haemonchus contortus are related (clade V, suborder
Strongylida) blood-feeding gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites of humans and ruminants. In humans,
hookworms are a leading cause of anemia globally and one of the most medically important parasites on earth,
infecting half a billion people and causing growth stunting, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, and loss of future
earnings/education/productivity. In small ruminants (e.g., sheep, goats), Haemonchus is one of the most
important and devastating parasites, with infections leading to severe dehydration, anemia, lethargy, depressed
low-energy behavior, rough hair coats, low weights, and poor wool and lamb production. Infections can be lethal.
Drug efficacy is becoming limited for both groups of parasites, with resistance emerging in humans and
widespread in sheep. Therefore, complementation of drug treatment with a prophylactic vaccine would be an
enormous step forward for control and eventual elimination of blood-feeding GIN parasites. However, vaccine
development against blood-feeding GINs is complicated because these parasites are masters at evading the
immune system. We propose to use state-of-the art genomic, transcriptomic, and immunoinformatic techniques
to identify and prioritize novel vaccine targets against blood-feeding GINs. Preliminary data are encouraging. We
will use our promising preliminary data to investigate what constitutes a good vaccine against blood-feeding
GINs, as well as to improve the efficacy of one vaccine candidate by altering expression platforms and adjuvants.
Furthermore, we will use genomics, transcriptomics, and immunoinformatics to compare intestinal-specific genes
encoding putative secreted proteins between these two blood-feeding parasites, and to compare
immunomodulated genes encoding putative secreted intestinal proteins between these two nematode parasites.
These comparisons will be used to identify conserved, high-value blood-feeding-specific GIN antigens. These
candidate antigens will be tested first in our small animal model of human hookworm infection to identify single
hookworm vaccine antigens, and/or a combination of hookworm vaccine antigens, that will engender complete
or near-complete protection from infection in the laboratory. Promising antigens will be rapidly transferred to a
large animal system;; sheep will be vaccinated with the corresponding H. contortus antigens and similarly
assessed for protection. Immunological and mechanistic aspects of protection will be studied. Our goal is to
identify one or more immunogens that can be optimized in pre-clinical studies and then advanced to human and
ovine/caprine clinical trials.
项目摘要/摘要(允许 30 行)
钩虫(钩虫属和钩虫属)和捻转血矛线虫有亲缘关系(进化支 V,亚目)
圆线虫)人类和反刍动物的食血胃肠道线虫(GIN)寄生虫。
钩虫是全球贫血的主要原因,也是地球上医学上最重要的寄生虫之一,
感染 5 亿人并导致生长迟缓、认知障碍、营养不良和失去未来。
在小型反刍动物(例如绵羊、山羊)中,血矛线虫是影响最大的动物之一。
重要且具有破坏性的寄生虫,感染会导致严重脱水、贫血、嗜睡、抑郁
低能量行为、粗糙的毛皮、低体重以及羊毛和羔羊产量低下。感染可能是致命的。
随着人类和人类中出现抗药性,这两种寄生虫的药物功效都变得有限。
因此,药物治疗与预防性疫苗的补充将是一种方法。
然而,疫苗在控制和最终消除食血杜松子酒寄生虫方面向前迈出了一大步。
针对吸血杜松子酒的开发非常复杂,因为这些寄生虫非常擅长逃避
我们建议使用最先进的基因组学、转录组学和免疫信息学技术。
确定针对喂血 GIN 的新型疫苗目标并确定其优先顺序。初步数据令人鼓舞。
将利用我们有希望的初步数据来研究什么是一种好的抗吸血疫苗
GIN,以及通过改变表达平台和佐剂来提高一种候选疫苗的效率。
此外,我们将使用基因组学、转录组学和免疫信息学来比较肠道特异性基因
编码这两种吸血寄生虫之间的推定分泌蛋白,并进行比较
编码这两种线虫寄生虫之间推定的分泌肠蛋白的免疫调节基因。
这些比较将用于识别保守的、高价值的血液喂养特异性 GIN 抗原。
候选抗原将首先在我们的人类钩虫感染小动物模型中进行测试,以识别单个抗原
钩虫疫苗抗原,和/或钩虫疫苗抗原的组合,这将产生完整的
或在实验室中近乎完全防止感染的抗原将被迅速转移到实验室。
大型动物系统;;绵羊将接种具有相应H. contortus抗原的疫苗,类似地
我们的目标是研究保护的免疫学和机制方面。
鉴定一种或多种可以在临床前研究中优化的免疫原,然后推广到人类和
绵羊/山羊临床试验。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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{{ truncateString('RAFFI V AROIAN', 18)}}的其他基金
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Automated high throughput compound screening for broadly active anti-parasitic nematode drugs
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A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
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- 批准号:
10434691 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 52.7万 - 项目类别:
A dual-purpose vaccine targeting blood-feeding nematode parasites of sheep and humans
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