Neuroimaging approaches to improve prediction of smoking initiation and nicotine use escalation among young adult electronic nicotine delivery systems users

神经影像学方法可改善年轻成人电子尼古丁输送系统用户吸烟开始和尼古丁使用升级的预测

基本信息

批准号：
10896832
负责人：
Jiaying Liu
金额：
$ 17.78万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed career development application provides research training for Dr. Jiaying Liu to facilitate her transition to independence. The goal of the proposed research is to identify neurobehavioral makers of nicotine use escalation and cigarette smoking initiation among young adult (YA) users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Findings are expected to inform regulatory policy and improve YA responsiveness to public health campaign communications. Given the accumulating evidence that ENDS use conveys 5-fold additional risk for smoking initiation and other tobacco use escalation, recent YA increases in use are alarming, threatening a resurgence of dependence that may reverse decades of tobacco control success. Therefore, it is crucial to identify predictive markers of smoking initiation and tobacco use escalation in this vulnerable population, and to provide actionable evidence that informs regulatory and prevention efforts. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) generates information complementary to traditional behavioral risk assessments, with direct observations of the neural substrates that underlie the subjective states known to perpetuate addiction, in order to yield objective and putatively more predictive measures. Assessment of behavioral and brain markers associated with smoking onset and tobacco use escalation is proposed. The goal is to determine whether baseline neurobehavioral markers will predict smoking transition and tobacco use escalation beyond traditional makers at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. A one-year public service announcement (PSA) intervention with a cross-over design will also be conducted, in which two message exposure orders and one control condition allow testing whether novel anti-ENDS PSAs addressing harms associated with ENDS flavors will more effectively prevent tobacco use escalation compared to the existing regular PSAs. The proposed research is among the first that aims to inform regulation of flavored ENDS marketing, and to provide recommendations for developing effective PSAs for prevention campaigns. These aims directly address multiple priorities of FDA Center for Tobacco Products (Marketing Influences, Communications, Behavior and Addiction), and they are expected to pinpoint effective regulatory gates to address the current ENDS epidemic. Dr. Liu’s long-term goal is to become an independent researcher translating communication neuroscience research to regulatory actions for improvements in health campaigns and interventions utilizing persuasive anti-tobacco messaging. Her near-term goal is to prepare a competitive R01 application to implement randomized controlled trials of PSAs to maximize impact on deterrence of smoking and substance use transition among ENDS users. The proposed training experience is designed to develop competencies in (a) neuroscience, (b) functional neuroimaging, (c) tobacco regulatory science, and (d) grant writing. The proposed research study provides focus for training and preliminary data to support a competitive R01 application.

项目概要/摘要拟议的职业发展申请为刘嘉英博士提供研究培训，以促进她拟议研究的目标是确定尼古丁的神经行为因素。电子尼古丁输送的年轻人 (YA) 用户的使用升级和开始吸烟系统（ENDS）的调查结果预计将为监管政策提供信息并提高 YA 对公众的响应能力。鉴于越来越多的证据表明 ENDS 的使用带来了 5 倍的额外影响。开始吸烟和其他烟草使用增加的风险，最近的青少年使用量增加令人震惊，可能会导致依赖性卷土重来，从而可能扭转数十年来烟草控制的成功成果。对于识别这一弱势群体开始吸烟和烟草使用升级的预测标记至关重要人口，并提供可操作的证据，为监管和预防工作提供信息。磁共振成像（fMRI）生成与传统行为风险互补的信息评估，直接观察构成已知主观状态的神经基质使成瘾永久化，以便产生客观且更具预测性的评估措施。提出了与吸烟开始和烟草使用升级相关的行为和大脑标记。是为了确定基线神经行为标志物是否可以预测吸烟转变和烟草使用 3、6、9 和 12 个月超越传统制造商的升级为期一年的公共服务公告 (PSA)。还会进行交叉设计的干预，其中两条消息曝光指令和一条消息曝光指令控制条件允许测试新型抗 ENDS PSA 是否能够解决与 ENDS 口味相关的危害与现有的常规公益广告相比，它将更有效地防止烟草使用升级。这项研究是首批旨在为调味电子烟销售监管提供信息的研究之一，并提供这些目标直接解决 FDA 烟草产品中心的多个优先事项（营销影响、沟通、行为和成瘾），预计他们将找到有效的监管途径来解决当前的 ENDS 流行问题。刘博士的长期目标是成为一名翻译传播神经科学的独立研究员利用说服力研究改善健康运动和干预措施的监管行动她的近期目标是准备一个有竞争力的 R01 应用程序来实施。 PSA 的随机对照试验，以最大限度地发挥对吸烟和药物滥用的威慑作用拟议的培训经验旨在培养 (a) 方面的能力。神经科学，(b) 功能神经影像学，(c) 烟草监管科学，以及 (d) 资助写作。研究提供了培训和初步数据的重点，以支持有竞争力的 R01 应用。