Increasing African American Organ Donation: Donor Registration & Family Consent

增加非裔美国人器官捐赠：捐赠者登记

• 批准号: 8242571
• 负责人: Derek A. DuBay
• 金额: $ 18.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8242571
• 关键词: African American; Age; Alabama; Behavioral; Belief; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cognitive; Consent; Data; Decision Making; Demographic Factors; Development; Disincentive; Emotional; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Incentives; Intervention; Laws; Literature; Methods; Motivation; Notification; Organ; Organ Donations; Organ Donor; Organ Harvestings; Organ Transplantation; Outcome; Persons; Principal Investigator; Process; Reaction; Research; Risk Factors; Self Efficacy; Series; State Hospitals; Surveys; Telephone; Visit; base; cohort; design; expectation; improved; population based; programs; social; social cognitive theory; willingness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rationale: Compared to Caucasians, African Americans are less likely to become registered organ donors. In addition, although first-person consent laws have been passed in 48 states, hospitals remain reluctant to harvest organs without the consent of the registered donor's family. Epidemiologic studies on African Americans have focused on the willingness to donate organs. Little research has been done on the positive decision-making process of becoming a registered organ donor. Objectives: The goal of this project is to identify facilitators associated with becoming a registered organ donor and providing familial notification. We hypothesize that positive outcome expectations (physical, social, and self-evaluative) will be associated with increased African American organ donor registration. We also hypothesize that increased perceived self-efficacy (PSE) will be associated with increased familial notification. Design and Methods: Using the Social Cognitive Theory as a guiding framework, a qualitative study involving focus groups will be performed and then validated by large-scale quantitative telephone surveys. African Americans, age 19 and older, who made a decision regarding organ donation at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past 3 months will be stratified into those who chose to become a registered organ donor and those who declined. The dependent variables for analysis will be 1) becoming a registered organ donor and 2) family notification of the decision to become a registered organ donor. Significance: The study will identify the key factors that drive African Americans to become registered organ donors and the determinants of familial notification. This data will inform future interventions to increase African American donor registration and develop mechanisms to ensure family consent, thereby reducing disparities in organ donation and improving the health outcomes of African Americans. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: African Americans who registered at the Alabama Department of Motorized Vehicles within the past three months will be stratified into those who chose to be an organ donor and those who declined. A qualitative study involving focus groups and validated by quantitative surveys will be performed to determine the factors associated with the decision of African Americans to become registered organ donors and to inform their families of their donation wishes.

描述（由申请人提供）：理由：与高加索人相比，非裔美国人成为注册器官捐献者的可能性较小。此外，尽管已在48个州通过了第一人称同意法，但未经注册捐助者家人同意，医院仍然不愿意收获器官。关于非裔美国人的流行病学研究集中在愿意捐赠器官的意愿上。关于成为注册器官捐赠者的积极决策过程的研究很少。目标：该项目的目标是确定与成为注册器官捐赠者并提供家庭通知相关的促进者。我们假设积极的结果期望（身体，社会和自我评估）将与增加的非裔美国人器官捐助者注册有关。我们还假设，感知到的自我效能感（PSE）的增加将与家族性通知增加有关。设计和方法：将社会认知理论作为指导框架，将进行涉及焦点小组的定性研究，然后通过大规模的定量电话调查进行验证。 19岁及以上的非洲裔美国人在过去三个月内就阿拉巴马州电动车辆捐赠的器官捐赠做出了决定，将分为那些选择成为注册器官捐赠者和拒绝的人。分析的因变量将为1）成为注册器官捐献者，2）决定成为注册器官捐赠者的决定。意义：该研究将确定促使非洲裔美国人成为注册器官捐献者和家族通知的决定因素的关键因素。这些数据将为未来的干预措施提供信息，以增加非裔美国人的捐助者注册并开发机制以确保家庭同意，从而减少器官捐赠的差异并改善非裔美国人的健康状况。 公共卫生相关性：在过去三个月内在阿拉巴马州电动车辆部登记的非洲裔美国人将分为那些选择成为器官捐赠者和拒绝的人。将进行一项涉及焦点小组并通过定量调查验证的定性研究，以确定与非洲裔美国人成为注册器官捐赠者的决定相关的因素，并告知其家人的捐赠愿望。