Diversity Supplement to Psychosocial Stress due to COVID-19 and Vascular Aging in African-American Women

对非裔美国女性因 COVID-19 和血管老化造成的心理社会压力进行多样性补充

基本信息

批准号：
10833229
负责人：
Tené T Lewis
金额：
$ 20.13万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-05-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10833229
关键词：
2019-nCoV Affect African American African American population Aging Blood Pressure Blood Vessels Businesses COVID-19 COVID-19 disparity COVID-19 impact COVID-19 mortality COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 stress Child Child Rearing Compassion Coronavirus Country Dangerousness Death Rate Discipline of Nursing Disease Employment Exposure to Financial Hardship Funding Gender Goals Health Heterogeneity Home Individual Inequality Inflammation Life Light Loneliness Marital Status Marriage Occupations Personal Satisfaction Physiological Populations at Risk Positioning Attribute Prevention Psychosocial Assessment and Care Psychosocial Stress Public Health Race Reporting Research Resources SARS-CoV-2 infection Schools Single Parent Social support Socioeconomic Status Stress Time Underemployment Unemployment United States Vascular Diseases Virus Vulnerable Populations Wages Woman Work Workplace arterial stiffness attributable mortality cohort experience fast food infection rate innovation low socioeconomic status maltreatment men middle age mortality novel coronavirus optimism pandemic disease pandemic stress post-COVID-19 post-pandemic prospective psychosocial psychosocial stressors racial difference racial disparity resilience resilience factor social stressor sociodemographic factors stressor

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic is arguably one of the most devastating Public Health crises of the last century. In the United States, African-Americans have been disproportionately impacted, with overall rates of infection and mortality 2 to 4 times higher than those observed in Whites. Additionally, as a direct result of closings of non-essential businesses and other entities, rates of unemployment and underemployment have also surged, and African-Americans are significantly more likely than Whites to report being underemployed or furloughed due to the pandemic. Unsurprisingly, given racial disparities in COVID-19 mortality, national polls have also found racial differences in reports of COVID-related loss, with African-Americans more frequently reporting personally knowing someone who has died from COVID-19 than Whites. Because of this, it has been argued that, as a result of COVID-19, African- Americans are experiencing a “pandemic of stress” that will have a “dangerous impact” on their health and well-being long after the virus itself has been contained. Leveraging our previously funded cohort that assessed psychosocial stress and vascular aging in early middle-aged African-American women, we have an unprecedented opportunity to examine the degree to which stressors resulting from, and related to, the COVID-19 pandemic might impact vascular disease—the number 1 killer in the US-in this group. Middle-aged African-American women may be a uniquely important group on which to focus, because: 1) they have increasingly high, but poorly understood, rates of vascular disease relative to other race-gender groups; and 2) the long-term impact of the widespread financial, employment and social stressors resulting from COVID-19 might be particularly deleterious for African-American women, largely due to structural and contextual inequalities that pre-dated the pandemic itself. The proposed project will examine linkages between overall psychosocial stressors (debt, financial stress, job stress, interpersonal incivilities and mistreatment, loneliness), COVID-specific stressors (COVID-related financial difficulties, COVID-specific parenting stressors, COVID-related loss) and prospective changes in vascular aging (ambulatory blood pressure, arterial stiffness, inflammation) over 24 months in a cohort of 350 middle-aged African-American women. Because we have pre-COVID assessments of a range of psychosocial stressors, a major innovation of the proposed work is our ability to examine how pre- versus post-COVID changes in exposure to overall psychosocial stress might prospectively impact vascular aging. Importantly, we will capitalize on the considerable within-group heterogeneity in our cohort, to examine whether any of our hypothesized associations are moderated by pre- COVID assessed sociodemographic factors that might increase vulnerability (socioeconomic status, single parenthood, marital status) or resilience (e.g., purpose in life, optimism, mastery, social support) to psychosocial stress, in order to inform short- and long-term prevention efforts.

项目概要 2019 年新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 全球大流行是最具争议性的最具破坏性的疾病之一在上个世纪的美国公共卫生危机中，非裔美国人所占比例过高。受影响，总体感染率和死亡率比白人高 2 至 4 倍。此外，由于非必要企业和其他实体关闭，直接导致失业率和就业不足也激增，非裔美国人的可能性明显更大考虑到种族因素，白人因疫情而就业不足或休假的情况不足为奇。尽管 COVID-19 死亡率存在差异，但全国民意调查还发现与 COVID-19 相关的报告存在种族差异非洲裔美国人更频繁地表示自己认识死于此病的人因此，有人认为，由于 COVID-19，非洲人—— 美国人正在经历一场“压力大流行”，这将对他们的健康产生“危险影响” 以及在病毒本身得到遏制后很长一段时间内的福祉。评估了早期中年非洲裔美国女性的社会心理压力和血管老化，我们有一个前所未有的机会来检查压力源产生的程度以及与之相关的程度， COVID-19 大流行可能会影响血管疾病（美国第一大杀手）。中年非洲裔美国女性可能是一个特别值得关注的重要群体，因为：1）她们相对于其他种族性别群体，血管疾病的发病率越来越高，但人们对此知之甚少； 2) 广泛的金融、就业和社会压力因素造成的长期影响 COVID-19 可能对非裔美国女性特别有害，这主要是由于结构性和拟议的项目将研究大流行之前就存在的背景不平等。总体心理社会压力源（债务、财务压力、工作压力、人际不礼貌和虐待、孤独）、新冠病毒特定的压力源（新冠病毒相关的经济困难、新冠病毒特定的育儿压力源、与新冠病毒相关的损失）和血管老化的预期变化（动态血压、动脉僵硬度、炎症）在 350 名中年非裔美国女性的队列中进行了超过 24 个月的研究，因为我们有。对一系列心理社会压力源的新冠疫情前评估，拟议工作的一项重大创新是我们有能力检查新冠疫情前后总体心理社会压力的变化情况可能会前瞻性地影响血管老化，重要的是，我们将利用大量的组内资源。我们队列中的异质性，以检查我们所追求的任何关联是否受到预先调节 COVID 评估了可能增加脆弱性的社会人口因素（社会经济地位、单一父母身份、婚姻状况）或复原力（例如人生目标、乐观、掌握、社会支持）社会心理压力，以便为短期和长期预防工作提供信息。