Nanoscale Tools to Push Biomedical Frontiers

推动生物医学前沿的纳米级工具

基本信息

批准号：
8294707
负责人：
MICHAEL L ROUKES
金额：
$ 80.19万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-30 至 2015-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION Abstract: New tools have enabled some of the most important advances in biology and medicine. We are at the threshold of an exciting new technological era in which deciphering deep levels of biological complexity will be routine. It will become possible to tackle biological and medical problems at what were once thought to be unimaginably large hierarchical scales, all the while observing and coordinating unprecedented levels of detail down to the molecular scale. And it is plausible that this will all be possible in real time - ultimately providing a continuous window into the evolving systems biology of organisms. This effort seeks to hasten the realization of this vision by leveraging recent advances nanosystems technology, an approach that coordinates vast numbers of individual nanodevices into a coherent whole with emergent functionality. The goal is development of biomedical tools that simultaneously enable new physical windows of observation, while amassing the requisite sophistication to address complex problems. Four initial projects are proposed from a realm of many: (i) fast typing of individual bacteria without culturing; (ii) obtaining physiological "fingerprints" from exhaled breath; (iii) using cell mechanics and motility as a new tool in cancer research; and (iv) following the metabolism of individual cells to provide early screening of libraries of therapeutic drug candidates. Each example illustrates how existing nanosystems technology can be leveraged to realize new biomedical tools. Each harnesses the complementarity of scale between individual, unit nanosensors and their targets. Using the well-validated approach of state-of-the-art microelectronic foundry production, a realistic plan is outlined for producing robust tools in sufficient quantities to enable biological and medical research continuity. This research and production paradigm will enable groundbreaking, collaborative systems research in biomedical sciences though realization of tools ca

描述抽象的：新工具已实现了生物学和医学方面最重要的进步。我们正处于一个令人兴奋的新技术时代的门槛，在这个时代，这将是常规的深层生物学复杂性。可以以曾经认为是难以想象的层次结构量表来解决生物学和医学问题，同时观察并协调前所未有的细节水平，直至分子量表。而且，这一切都是可以实时的 - 最终为有机体的生物学生物学提供了一个连续的窗口。这项努力通过利用最新进步纳米系统技术来加快这种愿景的实现，这种方法将大量的单个纳米式设备协调成一个连贯的整体，并与新兴的功能。目的是开发生物医学工具，这些工具同时可以实现新的观察窗口，同时积累了解决复杂问题的必要复杂性。从许多领域提出了四个初始项目：（i）在不进行培养的情况下快速键入单个细菌；（ii）从呼出的呼吸中获得生理“指纹”；（iii）使用细胞力学和运动作为癌症研究的新工具；（iv）在单个细胞的代谢后，提供了对治疗药物候选物的文库的早期筛查。每个示例都说明如何利用现有的纳米系统技术来实现新的生物医学工具。每个都利用个体，单位纳米传感器及其目标之间的规模互补性。使用最先进的微电铸造厂生产的验证方法，概述了一项现实的计划，用于生产足够数量的强大工具，以实现生物学和医学研究的连续性。这项研究和生产范式将实现生物医学科学的开创性，协作系统研究，尽管实现了工具