Biobehavioral mechanisms of emotion and HIV disease

情绪和艾滋病毒疾病的生物行为机制

• 批准号: 7629710
• 负责人: KAREN E STEWART
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7629710
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adverse effects; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anger; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caring; Chronic Disease; Data; Diet; Disease; Disease Progression; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Future; HIV; Happiness; Health; Health Psychology; Health Status; Health Status Indicators; Health behavior; Home environment; Hydrocortisone; Immune; Intervention; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Medical center; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurosecretory Systems; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Recruitment Activity; Regression Analysis; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Salivary; Severities; Severity of illness; Smoking; Testing; Training; Viral Load result; Work; base; behavior change; biobehavior; design; emotional experience; immune function; improved; medication compliance; mortality; negative emotional state; physical conditioning; positive emotional state; public health relevance; sex risk; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study is designed to evaluate the relation between emotion and health status in persons living with HIV disease, with a special emphasis on positive emotion. Emotions are believed to relate to health via biological and behavioral pathways. This study will assess whether rates of positive and negative emotion relate to 1) health behaviors (smoking, alcohol/drug use, physical activity, diet, sexual risk, and medication adherence), 2) salivary cortisol, and 3) indicators of health status (CD4+ cell count, viral load, severity of HIV/AIDS related illnesses, general physical health, and general mental health) in persons with HIV disease. Cortisol and health behaviors will be tested as mediators of the relation between emotion and health status. A majority of research has focused on the effects of negative emotion, and studies have generally failed to adequately account for interaction effects between positive and negative emotion. The current study takes a unique approach in integrating the broaden and build theory of positive emotion with existing theory in order to develop hypotheses specific to positive emotion and health behaviors, cortisol, and health status. In accordance with the "undoing" effect described in the broaden and build theory, it is hypothesized that using hierarchical regression analysis, an interaction model integrating both positive and negative emotion will provide a more complete picture of the relation between emotion and health than models based on positive and negative emotion alone. Specifically, it is hypothesized that in addition to the independent relations of positive and negative emotion to cortisol, health behaviors, and health status, positive emotion will moderate negative emotion such that the relation between negative emotion and these measures will be significantly weaker in persons who report high rates of positive emotion compared to persons who report low rates of positive emotion. If this is the case, future interventions may benefit from targeting enhancement of positive emotion in addition to reduction of negative emotion. The burden of living with HIV disease remains significant despite dramatic improvements in medical care. This study represents early work in the process of developing future interventions aimed at improving emotional experience in order to improve health and well-being in persons living with HIV disease. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: When effective, behavioral interventions can serve as supplements to standard medical care that may improve health status and reduce risk of future adverse health events without adding any additional burden of side effects from medication.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在评估艾滋病毒感染者的情绪与健康状况之间的关系，特别强调积极情绪。人们认为情绪通过生物和行为途径与健康相关。本研究将评估积极和消极情绪的发生率是否与 1) 健康行为（吸烟、饮酒/吸毒、体力活动、饮食、性风险和药物依从性）、2) 唾液皮质醇和 3) 健康状况指标相关HIV 感染者的（CD4+ 细胞计数、病毒载量、HIV/AIDS 相关疾病的严重程度、一般身体健康状况和一般心理健康状况）。皮质醇和健康行为将作为情绪和健康状况之间关系的中介进行测试。大多数研究都集中在消极情绪的影响上，而研究通常未能充分解释积极情绪和消极情绪之间的相互作用。目前的研究采用独特的方法，将积极情绪的拓宽和构建理论与现有理论相结合，以提出针对积极情绪和健康行为、皮质醇和健康状况的假设。根据拓宽和构建理论中描述的“毁灭”效应，假设使用层次回归分析，整合积极和消极情绪的交互模型将比基于模型的模型更完整地描述情绪与健康之间的关系。仅靠积极和消极情绪。具体来说，假设除了积极和消极情绪与皮质醇、健康行为和健康状况的独立关系外，积极情绪还会调节消极情绪，使得消极情绪与这些指标之间的关系在以下人群中显着减弱：与报告积极情绪率低的人相比，报告积极情绪率高的人。如果是这种情况，未来的干预措施除了减少负面情绪之外，还可能受益于增强积极情绪。尽管医疗保健有了显着改善，但艾滋病毒感染者的负担仍然很重。这项研究代表了制定未来干预措施的早期工作，旨在改善情感体验，以改善艾滋病毒感染者的健康和福祉。 公共卫生相关性：如果有效，行为干预可以作为标准医疗护理的补充，可以改善健康状况并降低未来不良健康事件的风险，而不会增加药物副作用的任何额外负担。