Biobehavioral mechanisms of emotion and HIV disease

情绪和艾滋病毒疾病的生物行为机制

• 批准号: 7496207
• 负责人: KAREN E STEWART
• 金额: $ 3.25万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496207
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adverse effects; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anger; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caring; Chronic Disease; Data; Diet; Disease; Disease Progression; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Future; HIV; Happiness; Health; Health Psychology; Health Status; Health Status Indicators; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Home environment; Hydrocortisone; Immune; Intervention; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Medical center; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Regression Analysis; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Salivary; Severities; Severity of illness; Smoking; Standards of Weights and Measures; Testing; Training; Viral Load result; Work; base; biobehavior; day; design; emotional experience; immune function; improved; medication compliance; mortality; negative emotional state; positive emotional state; theories; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adverse effects; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anger; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caring; Chronic Disease; Data; Diet; Disease; Disease Progression; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Future; HIV; Happiness; Health; Health Psychology; Health Status; Health Status Indicators; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Home environment; Hydrocortisone; Immune; Intervention; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Medical center; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Regression Analysis; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Salivary; Severities; Severity of illness; Smoking; Standards of Weights and Measures; Testing; Training; Viral Load result; Work; base; biobehavior; day; design; emotional experience; immune function; improved; medication compliance; mortality; negative emotional state; positive emotional state; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study is designed to evaluate the relation between emotion and health status in persons living with HIV disease, with a special emphasis on positive emotion. Emotions are believed to relate to health via biological and behavioral pathways. This study will assess whether rates of positive and negative emotion relate to 1) health behaviors (smoking, alcohol/drug use, physical activity, diet, sexual risk, and medication adherence), 2) salivary cortisol, and 3) indicators of health status (CD4+ cell count, viral load, severity of HIV/AIDS related illnesses, general physical health, and general mental health) in persons with HIV disease. Cortisol and health behaviors will be tested as mediators of the relation between emotion and health status. A majority of research has focused on the effects of negative emotion, and studies have generally failed to adequately account for interaction effects between positive and negative emotion. The current study takes a unique approach in integrating the broaden and build theory of positive emotion with existing theory in order to develop hypotheses specific to positive emotion and health behaviors, cortisol, and health status. In accordance with the "undoing" effect described in the broaden and build theory, it is hypothesized that using hierarchical regression analysis, an interaction model integrating both positive and negative emotion will provide a more complete picture of the relation between emotion and health than models based on positive and negative emotion alone. Specifically, it is hypothesized that in addition to the independent relations of positive and negative emotion to cortisol, health behaviors, and health status, positive emotion will moderate negative emotion such that the relation between negative emotion and these measures will be significantly weaker in persons who report high rates of positive emotion compared to persons who report low rates of positive emotion. If this is the case, future interventions may benefit from targeting enhancement of positive emotion in addition to reduction of negative emotion. The burden of living with HIV disease remains significant despite dramatic improvements in medical care. This study represents early work in the process of developing future interventions aimed at improving emotional experience in order to improve health and well-being in persons living with HIV disease. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: When effective, behavioral interventions can serve as supplements to standard medical care that may improve health status and reduce risk of future adverse health events without adding any additional burden of side effects from medication.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在评估患有艾滋病毒疾病的人的情绪与健康状况之间的关系，并特别强调积极的情绪。人们认为，情绪通过生物学和行为途径与健康有关。这项研究将评估阳性和负面情绪的速度是否与1）健康行为（吸烟，酒精/药物使用，体育锻炼，饮食，性风险，性风险和药物依从性），2）2）唾液皮质醇和3）健康状况指标（CD4+细胞计数，病毒率，病毒载荷，病毒载荷，HIV/IV/AID相关疾病的严重性，HIV/AIDS相关疾病，一般身体健康，一般心理健康以及HIV患者）。皮质醇和健康行为将作为情绪与健康状况之间关系的介体进行测试。大多数研究都集中在负面情绪的影响上，并且研究通常无法充分说明积极情绪和负面情绪之间的相互作用效果。当前的研究采用了一种独特的方法，将积极情绪的扩展和建立理论与现有理论建立，以开发针对积极情绪和健康行为，皮质醇和健康状况的假设。根据扩展和构建理论中描述的“撤消”效应，假设使用层次回归分析，与单独基于正面和负面情绪基于积极和负面情绪的模型相比，将积极情绪和负面情绪的互动模型都更完整地描述了情绪与健康之间的关系。具体而言，假设，除了积极和负面情绪与皮质醇，健康行为和健康状况之间的独立关系外，积极的情绪还会缓解负面情绪，以使负面情绪与这些措施之间的关系在与报告积极情绪较低的积极情绪相比高度报告的人的关系较弱。如果是这种情况，未来的干预措施除了减少负面情绪外，还可以通过靶向积极情绪的增强而受益。尽管医疗保健方面有了显着改善，但患有艾滋病毒疾病的负担仍然很大。这项研究代表了开发未来干预措施的早期工作，旨在改善情感体验，以改善患有艾滋病毒疾病的人的健康和福祉。 公共卫生相关性：有效时，行为干预措施可以作为标准医疗服务的补充，可以改善健康状况并降低未来不良健康事件的风险，而无需增加药物副作用。