Screening Preschool Disruptive Behaviors

筛查学前破坏性行为

• 批准号: 7988331
• 负责人: MICHELLE M MARTEL
• 金额: $ 6.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW ORLEANS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7988331
• 关键词: Advertisements; Affect; Age; Anger; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral Symptoms; California; Child; Child Behavior; Cognitive; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Digit structure; Disease; Disruptive Behavior Disorder; Early identification; Early treatment; Emotions; Evaluation; Exhibits; Future; Goals; Hyperactive behavior; Impulsivity; Individual Differences; Interview; Laboratories; Lead; Measures; Mediating; Newspapers; Nursery Schools; Oppositional Defiant Disorder; Parents; Persons; Problem behavior; Procedures; Q-Sort; Questionnaires; Radio; Recruitment Activity; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Screening procedure; Severities; Shapes; Short-Term Course; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Symptoms; Telephone; Temperament; Testing; Work; base; callous unemotional trait; cognitive control; design; early childhood; improved; inattention; innovation; insight; longitudinal design; programs; public health relevance; response; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal represents a first step in a program of work designed to develop a screening measure to improve early identification of children at risk for severe, persistent or increasing disruptive behavior or attention problems or both (i.e., symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD] and/or Oppositional- Defiant Disorder [ODD]). The primary aim tested is that temperamental traits and cognitive control will differentiate children at risk for severe, persistent or increasing symptoms of disruptive behavior and/or attention problems over one year. Subsidiary aims include: 1) examination of whether temperament trait and cognitive control profiles vary as a function of diagnostic status and 2) evaluation of whether individual differences in temperament traits and cognitive control predict the one-year course of severe preschool disruptive behaviors over and above initial symptom levels. Distinct temperamental and cognitive factors are expected to be associated with each diagnosis and changes in their symptom levels. Children with severe, persistent or increasing attention problems (ADHD) will be characterized by low levels of trait and cognitive control, while children with severe, persistent or increasing oppositional-defiance and hyperactivity-impulsivity (ODD or ADHD+ODD) will be characterized by high levels of negative emotionality and approach. Using a one- year short-term longitudinal design, a sample of 120 children between the ages of three and six will be recruited via newspaper, radio, and posted advertisements until a target of at least 30 children per diagnostic group (i.e., ADHD, ODD, ADHD+ODD, and non-ADHD/ODD) is reached. During the initial in-person assessment, parents will complete a semi-structured diagnostic interview to evaluate children's diagnostic status. Temperament will be measured using the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery (observational ratings), the California Q-Sort (examiner ratings), and the Child Behavior Questionnaire (parent ratings). Cognitive control will be measured by having the children complete four tasks: Shape School and Snack Delay will measure response inhibition, Digit Span will measure working memory, and Trails-P will measure set- shifting. At six months and one year following the initial assessment, the diagnostic interview will be conducted with parents again, over the telephone. Analyses will evaluate the utility of incorporating temperament and cognitive control measures with standard diagnostic screening measures to improve prediction of the one-year course of severe preschool disruptive behaviors. This is the first study to comprehensively evaluate whether the short-term course of preschool disruptive behaviors can be predicted by initial status on temperament traits and cognitive control. The current study will evaluate whether the incorporation of temperament and cognitive control assessment into standard diagnostic batteries will enable better prediction of the course of severe disruptive behavior problems, thereby improving the ability to identify children who would benefit most from early intervention. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The current proposal seeks to evaluate temperament and cognitive control as mechanisms of preschool disruptive behaviors (inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and oppositional-defiance; Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Oppositional-Defiant Disorder). The integration of temperament and cognitive mechanisms of preschool disruptive behavior disorders with standard diagnostic assessment procedures may allow for more accurate prediction of the one-year course of disruptive behavior problems and thus more accurately identify those children who would benefit most from early intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案代表了旨在制定筛查措施的工作计划中的第一步，以改善对严重，持久或增加破坏性行为或注意力问题的风险的早期识别，或者同时识别（即注意缺陷/多动障碍的症状[ADHD]和/或反对异形疾病的症状）。测试的主要目的是，气质特征和认知控制将使有严重，持久或增加破坏性行为症状和/或注意力问题的儿童在一年内有所不同。子公司的目的包括：1）检查气质性状和认知控制曲线是否随诊断状态的函数而变化，以及2）评估气质性状和认知控制的个体差异是否预测了高于初始症状水平的严重学龄前颠覆性行为的一年期课程。预计明显的气质和认知因素将与每个诊断及其症状水平的变化有关。患有严重，持续或增加注意力问题（ADHD）的儿童将以低水平的性状和认知控制为特征，而患有严重，持续或增加的对立不聪明和过度活跃性冲动（ODD或ADHD+ODD）的儿童将以高水平的负面情绪和方法为特征。使用一年的短期纵向设计，将通过报纸，无线电和发布广告招募120名儿童的样本，直到每个诊断组至少有30个儿童的目标（即，达到ADHD，ADHD，ADHD+ODD+ODD和非ADHD/docd/odd）。在最初的面对面评估中，父母将完成半结构化的诊断访谈，以评估孩子的诊断状况。气质将使用实验室气质评估电池（观察等级），加利福尼亚Q-Sort（考官评分）和儿童行为问卷（父母评分）来衡量。认知控制将通过让孩子完成四个任务来衡量：形状学校和小吃延迟将测量响应抑制作用，数字跨度将测量工作记忆，而TRAILS-P将测量设置。在初步评估后的六个月零一年，诊断面试将通过电话再次与父母进行。分析将评估将气质和认知控制措施与标准诊断筛查措施合并的实用性，以改善对严重学龄前儿童的一年过程的预测。这是第一个全面评估是否可以通过气质特征和认知控制的初始状态来预测的幼儿园破坏行为的短期过程。当前的研究将评估将气质和认知控制评估纳入标准诊断电池中是否能够更好地预测严重破坏性行为问题的过程，从而提高鉴定从早期干预中受益最大的儿童的能力。 公共卫生相关性：当前的提案旨在评估气质和认知控制作为学龄前颠覆性行为的机制（窃听，多动症 - 冲动性和对立不聪明；注意力不足/过度活跃障碍和/或反对偏见的障碍）。学龄前颠覆行为障碍与标准诊断评估程序的气质和认知机制的整合可能可以更准确地预测一年的破坏性行为问题，因此更准确地确定那些将从早期干预中受益最多的孩子。