Linking neural mechanisms of emotion and attention with naturalistic trauma symptom experience: An event-related potential and ecological momentary assessment study

将情绪和注意力的神经机制与自然创伤症状体验联系起来：事件相关电位和生态瞬时评估研究

• 批准号: 10679288
• 负责人: Aleksandr T Karnick
• 金额: $ 3.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-20 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10679288
• 关键词: Accidents; Acute; Address; Affect; Aggressive behavior; Attention; Autobiography; Behavioral; Biological; Chemosensitization; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Data Reporting; Development; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disasters; Distress; Ecological momentary assessment; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Feeling suicidal; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Health Services; Heterogeneity; Hostility; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Moods; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurocognitive; Occupational; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Procedures; Research; Research Design; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Stressful Event; Symptoms; Techniques; Thinking; Trauma; acute traumatic stress disorder; assault; associated symptom; attentional bias; attenuation; behavioral health; biological adaptation to stress; coping; data integration; depressive symptoms; design; diagnostic strategy; directed attention; distraction; emotion regulation; emotional reaction; experience; follow-up; indexing; interpersonal trauma; multilevel analysis; neural; neuromechanism; novel; post-traumatic stress; post-traumatic symptoms; prospective; psychiatric comorbidity; psychologic; recruit; response; smartphone application; social; substance use; symptom cluster; symptomatology; trait; trauma symptom; traumatic event

Project Summary: Around 70% of individuals will experience a significant traumatic event in their lifetime. Although the presence of any trauma is associated with disruptions to cognitive and emotional reactions to everyday events, experiencing an interpersonal trauma (e.g., assault, abuse) is associated with increased symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTS) relative to impersonal traumas (e.g., disasters, accidents), and appears to follow a separate, more severe symptomatic etiology. Collectively, symptoms following a traumatic event (i.e., intrusive thoughts, avoidance symptoms, negative alterations to cognitions and mood, hypervigilance and reactivity) cause substantial burden on both individual functioning and behavioral health services. While the presence of all four of these symptom clusters comprise a diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), affecting 8.3% of individuals in their lifetimes, an additional 14.7% will experience sub- threshold symptoms of PTS, associated with similar functional difficulties to PTSD (i.e., depressive symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity, social/occupational difficulties, impulsive coping and substance use, increased aggression/hostility, and suicidal ideation). However, most research on PTS utilizes a categorical approach to symptom differentiation, combines trauma types that may have separate etiological pathways, relies on cross- sectional research designs, and fails to incorporate multiple units of analysis. The present study utilizes a transdiagnostic approach to assess neurocognitive vulnerability and the daily experience of PTS symptoms by incorporating electroencephalography/event-related potentials (EEG/ERP) to assess neural mechanisms of emotion regulation and attention to idiographic, trauma-relevant stimuli. Baseline self-report measures of symptoms will be supplemented with ecological momentary assessments (EMA) for a two-week follow-up period to assess daily symptoms of PTS and reactions to acute stressful events in naturalistic settings. Project aims include (1) To assess if emotion regulation and attention bias to idiographic stimuli relevant to an index trauma can establish neural markers for PTS and (2) To investigate if EMAs can be used to detect differences in frequency and severity of symptoms of traumatic intrusions, hypervigilance and reactivity, negative cognitions and mood, and avoidance symptoms following daily negative experiences. Multilevel models will be used to integrate these data to assess the relationship between baseline neural markers and daily trauma symptoms. The objectives and directions of this research are consistent with the NIMH Strategic Plan, specifically by assessing mental illness by probing the course of PTS symptomatology in the aftermath of psychologically disruptive events (i.e., trauma) through the analysis of biological, behavioral, and environmental contributors to symptom heterogeneity with techniques integrating repeated ecological assessments. This project aims to integrate understanding of biological and behavioral indicators of dimensional constructs of PTS that carry implications for novel treatment targets and the prediction of symptom course and severity.

项目摘要：大约 70% 的人一生中都会经历一次重大的创伤事件。 尽管任何创伤的存在都与认知和情绪反应的破坏有关 日常事件、经历人际创伤（例如攻击、虐待）与增加 与非个人创伤（例如灾难、事故）相关的创伤后应激（PTS）症状，以及 似乎遵循一个单独的、更严重的症状病因。总的来说，创伤后的症状 事件（即侵入性想法、回避症状、认知和情绪的负面改变、 过度警惕和反应性）对个人功能和行为健康造成巨大负担 服务。虽然所有这四种症状群的存在都构成了创伤后综合症的诊断 压力障碍 (PTSD)，影响 8.3% 的人一生，另外 14.7% 的人会经历亚健康 PTS 的阈值症状，与 PTSD 类似的功能困难相关（即抑郁症状、 精神共病、社交/职业困难、冲动应对和物质使用增加 攻击/敌意和自杀意念）。然而，大多数关于 PTS 的研究都采用分类方法来 症状区分，结合可能具有不同病因途径的创伤类型，依赖于交叉 分段研究设计，未能纳入多个分析单元。本研究利用 跨诊断方法评估神经认知脆弱性和 PTS 症状的日常体验 结合脑电图/事件相关电位（EEG/ERP）来评估神经机制 情绪调节和对具体的、与创伤相关的刺激的关注。基线自我报告措施 症状将辅以生态瞬时评估（EMA），进行为期两周的随访 评估 PTS 日常症状和自然环境中对急性应激事件的反应的时期。项目 目标包括 (1) 评估情绪调节和对具体刺激的注意偏差是否与某个指数相关 创伤可以建立 PTS 的神经标记，并且 (2) 研究 EMA 是否可以用于检测差异 创伤性侵入症状的频率和严重程度、过度警惕和反应性、阴性 日常负面经历后的认知和情绪以及回避症状。多层次模型将 用于整合这些数据以评估基线神经标记物与日常创伤之间的关系 症状。本研究的目标和方向与 NIMH 战略计划一致， 特别是通过探究 PTS 症状学过程来评估精神疾病 通过生物、行为和心理分析来分析心理破坏性事件（即创伤） 环境对症状异质性的影响与整合重复生态学的技术 评估。该项目旨在整合对生物和行为指标的理解 PTS 的维度结构对新的治疗目标和症状预测具有影响 过程和严重程度。