Examining patterns of opioid overdose hotspots and opioid treatment deserts in California

检查加利福尼亚州阿片类药物过量热点和阿片类药物治疗沙漠的模式

基本信息

批准号：
10679608
负责人：
Samuel Jaros
金额：
$ 4.64万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-04-06 至 2025-09-05
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10679608
关键词：
Address Age American Bayesian Modeling Behavioral Big Data COVID-19 Calibration California Charities Clinical Cloud Computing Collaborations Color Communities Community Health Computing Methodologies County Data Data Science Data Sources Development Discipline Disease Disparity Economic Factors Economics Emergency medical service Environmental Risk Factor Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Face Fellowship Future Gender Grant HIV Infections Health Homelessness Hospitalization Housing Income Infrastructure Ingestion Intervention Interview Investments Linear Regressions Link Location Maps Mentors Mentorship Methods Modeling Not Hispanic or Latino Opiate Addiction Opioid Outcome Overdose Patients Pattern Persons Policies Policy Maker Population Population Analysis Postdoctoral Fellow Poverty Psychiatry Psychologist Public Health Qualitative Methods Qualitative Research Race Reproducibility Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Resource Allocation Resources Role Rural Community Science Social Work Structure System Time Time trend Tobacco use Training Transportation Travel Uncertainty United States Universities Urbanicity Visualization Vulnerable Populations Work career citizen science dashboard data ecosystem design epidemiology study ethnic minority population experience faculty mentor health care availability health data health determinants innovation insight opioid epidemic opioid misuse opioid mortality opioid overdose opioid use opioid use disorder opioid user population health predictive modeling programs public health research racial minority population response rural area rural dwellers rural setting skills social social epidemiology social factors sociodemographic variables statistics stem suburban communities treatment center trend urban area web platform

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Opioid use disorder (OUD) has proven to be a debilitating and deadly disease. Vulnerable populations including the homeless; racial and ethnic minority groups; people in poverty; and rural residents often bear the highest burden. Previous research suggests that localized sub-county analyses are necessary to understand the patterns and determinants of opiate overdoses. However, most local public health departments do not have the resources to laboriously collect, clean, and analyze the required data. We aim to provide sub-county analyses of opioid overdose hotspots and opioid treatment deserts that will reveal actionable patterns for California public health officials to directly address their county’s needs. Specific Aims: (1) to use hospitalizations from 2005-2022 to detect opioid overdose hotspots using SaTScan and Bayesian spatial modeling, (2) to use emergency medical services and treatment center location data to map opioid treatment deserts defined by long travel times to treatment centers, and (3) to apply qualitative research methods with county officials identifying additional local determinants of hotspots and treatment deserts not obvious from quantitative analyses of population-level data. We will use our web platform, the Public Health Data Ecosystem, to visualize our conclusions about the link between hotspots; treatment deserts; and the social, economic, and environmental determinants of health. These relevant and easily comprehendible dashboards will lend themselves directly to resource allocation, policy changes, and development of targeted interventions. The training plan provides the skills needed for the fellowship applicant to begin a successful career as an independent investigator in translational public health research on opioid use disorder. He will undertake training in clinical opioid use and treatment; advanced geospatial methods and modeling; and qualitative methods to apply and tailor research findings for public health impact. The candidate will be mentored by faculty from across disciplines including epidemiology, psychiatry, data science, geospatial analyses, and statistics. Dr. Nelson, the primary sponsor, leads the T32 training grant in behavioral, social, and population health research that the candidate will continue to benefit from, and a fellow T32 director at Emory University, Dr. Waller, will serve an important mentoring role for the application of advanced geospatial analyses. Other mentors include leading researchers in opiate addiction from the Department of Psychiatry Drs. Humphries and McGovern; two social epidemiology research mentors Drs. Rehkopf and Kiang; and a health psychologist specializing in qualitative methods and citizen science Dr. King. Through this fellowship, the applicant will advance translational methods in opioid use disorder, receive training and mentorship from world-class sponsors and collaborators, and be prepared for independent public health research in his postdoctoral work.

项目概要阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 已被证明是一种使弱势群体衰弱且致命的疾病。包括无家可归者；少数族裔群体；贫困人口和农村居民；先前的研究表明，有必要进行地方性县以下的分析来了解这一情况。然而，大多数地方公共卫生部门没有了解阿片类药物过量的模式和决定因素。我们的目标是提供分县的资源来费力地收集、清理和分析所需的数据。对阿片类药物过量热点和阿片类药物治疗荒漠的分析将揭示可操作的模式加州公共卫生官员直接满足其县的需求：(1) 使用。使用 SaTScan 和贝叶斯空间检测 2005 年至 2022 年的住院情况，以检测阿片类药物过量热点建模，(2) 使用紧急医疗服务和治疗中心位置数据来绘制阿片类药物治疗图沙漠定义为前往治疗中心的时间较长，以及（3）应用定性研究方法县官员确定了热点和治疗荒漠的其他当地决定因素，这些因素在我们将使用我们的网络平台——公共卫生数据进行定量人口数据分析。生态系统，可视化我们关于热点治疗沙漠与社会之间联系的结论；这些相关且易于理解的仪表板是健康的经济和环境决定因素。将直接有助于资源分配、政策变化和制定有针对性的干预措施。培训计划为奖学金申请人提供了开始成功职业生涯所需的技能他将承担阿片类药物使用障碍转化公共卫生研究的独立研究员。临床阿片类药物使用和治疗培训；先进的地理空间方法和建模；应用和调整研究结果以产生公共卫生影响的方法将指导候选人。来自流行病学、精神病学、数据科学、地理空间分析等跨学科的教师主要发起人 Nelson 博士领导了 T32 行为、社会和人口方面的培训资助。候选人将继续受益的健康研究，以及埃默里大学 T32 主任研究员， Waller 博士将在高级地理空间分析的应用方面发挥重要的指导作用。导师包括来自精神病学系的阿片成瘾领域的顶尖研究人员 Humphries 博士和麦戈文；两位社会流行病学研究导师 Rehkopf 和 Kiang 博士；以及一位健康心理学家。金博士专注于定性方法和公民科学通过该奖学金，申请人将阿片类药物使用障碍的转化方法，接受世界一流的培训和指导赞助商和合作者，并为博士后工作中的独立公共卫生研究做好准备。