Comparing reward learning among adolescents and adults with MDD and using reward-related neurobiology to predict future reward-related learning

比较患有 MDD 的青少年和成人的奖励学习，并使用奖励相关的神经生物学来预测未来的奖励相关学习

• 批准号: 10678493
• 负责人: Amanda C Del Giacco
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-22 至 2025-02-21
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10678493
• 关键词: Academy; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Psychiatry; Adult; American; Behavior; Brain; Cause of Death; Child Psychiatry; Control Groups; Data Set; Decision Making; Depressed mood; Disease; Disease remission; Early identification; Emergency Situation; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Height; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Learning; Life; Link; Literature; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Neurobiology; Neuronal Plasticity; Onset of illness; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Play; Prevention; Psychopathology; Psychotherapy; Research; Rest; Rewards; Risk; Role; Severities; Stimulus; Substance Use Disorder; Suicide; Suicide attempt; System; Time; Treatment Efficacy; Ventral Striatum; Visit; Youth; adolescent-onset depression; age group; behavioral phenotyping; child depression; comorbidity; depressive symptoms; emerging adult; endophenotype; evidence base; falls; hedonic; high risk; improved; individualized medicine; insight; learned behavior; neural; neural circuit; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; peer; personalized intervention; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; standard care; substance use; success; suicidal risk; treatment response; treatment strategy; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The number of mental health concerns and emergency visits for suspected suicide attempts in youth during 2021 has led to a declared national emergency by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The consequences of major depressive disorder (MDD) onset during adolescence are substantial. Adolescents with MDD are at higher risk for suicidality, the second leading cause of death in this age group, and for developing additional mental health disorders in adulthood. Despite considerable efforts, efficacy of gold- standard treatment for MDD remains low. For these reasons, research has aimed to identify early neurobiological markers related to depression onset and severity. Progress in the field of neuroimaging has identified aberrant reward circuitry (i.e., dampened activation in the reward system in anticipation or receipt of reward) as a potential endophenotype for depression. However, reward processing is not limited to hedonics, and depression may be better characterized by how diminished hedonics impact other aspects of the reward system, such as reward learning. Previous literature supports the notion that MDD is associated with dampened reward-learning behavior in adults; however, less is known about how adolescent reward-learning behavior may be impacted by MDD. Of note, studying reward dysfunction and reward learning during adolescence is critical due to heightened reward sensitivity and ongoing neuroplasticity occurring during this time. The goal of this proposal is to examine how reward learning is impacted by MDD in adolescence, as well as how neurobiological mechanisms of reward responsivity and reward circuitry predict future reward-learning behavior in adulthood. The first aim is to be the first study to compare reward-learning behavior among adolescents and adults with and without MDD. Then, capitalizing on an existing dataset, the second aim is to assess the associations between adolescent neurobiological reward responsivity, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the reward system, and task- based functional connectivity and future reward learning. Filling the gap in our understanding of how reward learning is impacted by MDD in adolescents and how neurobiological mechanisms of reward circuitry relate to future reward-driven behavior may further our understanding of risk for depression and help to inform early prevention efforts. Improved understanding of these mechanisms also may help to inform individualized treatment strategies for youth based on individual neurobiology and behavior.

项目概要 青少年因疑似自杀未遂而出现心理健康问题和紧急就诊的数量 2021 年，美国儿童和青少年学院宣布全国进入紧急状态 精神病学。青春期发作的重度抑郁症 (MDD) 的后果是严重的。 患有重度抑郁症的青少年自杀的风险较高，自杀是该年龄段的第二大死因，并且 成年后出现其他精神健康障碍。尽管付出了巨大的努力，黄金的功效 MDD 的标准治疗水平仍然很低。由于这些原因，研究旨在识别早期神经生物学 与抑郁症发作和严重程度相关的标志物。神经影像学领域的进展已发现异常 奖励电路（即，在预期或收到奖励时奖励系统中的激活受到抑制）作为潜在的 抑郁症的内表型。然而，奖励处理不仅限于享乐，抑郁也可能是 更好地描述享乐主义减少如何影响奖励系统的其他方面，例如奖励 学习。先前的文献支持 MDD 与奖励学习行为减弱有关的观点 成人；然而，人们对于MDD如何影响青少年奖励学习行为却知之甚少。的 请注意，由于奖励增加，研究青春期奖励功能障碍和奖励学习至关重要 在此期间发生的敏感性和持续的神经可塑性。该提案的目标是研究如何 奖励学习受到青春期 MDD 的影响，以及奖励的神经生物学机制如何影响 反应性和奖励回路预测了成年后的未来奖励学习行为。第一个目标是成为 第一项比较患有和不患有重度抑郁症的青少年和成人的奖励学习行为的研究。然后， 利用现有数据集，第二个目标是评估青少年之间的关联 神经生物学奖励反应性、奖励系统的静息态功能连接（rsFC）以及任务 基于功能连接和未来奖励学习。填补我们对如何奖励的理解空白 青少年的学习受到 MDD 的影响以及奖励回路的神经生物学机制如何与 未来的奖励驱动行为可能会加深我们对抑郁症风险的理解，并有助于及早告知 预防工作。加深对这些机制的理解也可能有助于为个体化治疗提供信息 基于个体神经生物学和行为的青少年治疗策略。