The Role of Visual Skills in Reading

视觉技能在阅读中的作用

• 批准号: 7895574
• 负责人: MAUREEN KENNEDY POWERS
• 金额: $ 24.38万
• 依托单位: GEMSTONE FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7895574
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Authorization documentation; Blurred vision; Child; Convergence Insufficiency; Diplopia; Disadvantaged; Disease; Ensure; Eye; Functional disorder; Health; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Long-Term Effects; Measures; Methodology; Mission; Movement; National Eye Institute; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Performance; Pilot Projects; Procedures; Public Health; Public Policy; Randomized; Reader; Reading; Remedial Teaching; Role; Sampling; Savings; School-Age Population; Schools; Students; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Text; Time; Training; Vision; Vision Screening; Visual; Visual system structure; Work; computerized; design; education cost; high school; improved; insight; juvenile delinquent; middle school; skills; skills training

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Long-term objective: to examine the role of early visual system input in reading. Little rigorous work has been done to determine whether reading would improve if visual skills (such as convergence) improve. The project relates directly to the National Eye Institute's mission to advance our knowledge of how the visual system functions in health and disease, for although visual skills problems may affect 25% or more of school-aged children, little is known about how problems like convergence insufficiency affect their reading. Specific aims are to: 1. Determine the amount of variance in reading scores in grades 3, 6, and 9 that can be accounted for by vision-related variables previously implicated as potential barriers to efficient reading. 2. Measure the effect of targeted convergence, accommodative, and tracking training on reading in grades 3, 6, and 9. 3. Investigate long-term effects of targeted convergence, accommodative and tracking training on reading up to 2 years following completion of training. Projects will be carried out in schools, with parental permission, to ensure large N and compliance with procedures. Methodology includes (1) vision and visual skills assessment, using standard optometric tests and comparing the outcome to reading fluency and scores on standardized tests, (2) computerized visual skills training in a randomized, matched-sample design that includes a no-treatment control and a group that will receive skills training unrelated to visual skills, and (3) assessment of visual skills and reading outcome measures five times following treatment, at 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 18 months, and 2 years. The project relates to the important public health concern of whether problems such as convergence insufficiency can affect reading or not. If so, public policies regarding vision screening by schools may need to be changed. Moreover, if visual skills training proves to be effective in improving reading scores, then new, efficient and economically powerful classroom techniques may emerge.

描述（由申请人提供）： 长期目标：检查早期视觉系统输入在阅读中的作用。很少有严格的工作来确定如果视觉技能（例如收敛）提高，阅读能力是否会提高。该项目与国家眼科研究所的使命直接相关，即增进我们对视觉系统在健康和疾病中如何发挥作用的了解，因为尽管视觉技能问题可能影响 25% 或更多的学龄儿童，但人们对收敛等问题如何影响知之甚少。不足影响阅读。具体目标是： 1. 确定 3、6 和 9 年级阅读分数的方差量，这些方差可以通过先前暗示为有效阅读的潜在障碍的视觉相关变量来解释。 2. 衡量针对性收敛、调节和跟踪训练对 3、6 和 9 年级阅读的效果。 3. 调查针对性收敛、调节和跟踪训练在完成培训后 2 年内对阅读的长期影响。项目将在家长许可的情况下在学校进行，以确保大N并遵守程序。方法包括 (1) 视力和视觉技能评估，使用标准验光测试并将结果与​​阅读流畅性和标准化测试分数进行比较，(2) 采用随机匹配​​样本设计（包括无治疗对照）的计算机化视觉技能训练一组将接受与视觉技能无关的技能培训，(3) 视觉技能评估和阅读结果测量在治疗后 2 周、6 个月、1 年、18 个月和 2 年进行五次。该项目涉及重要的公共卫生问题，即收敛不足等问题是否会影响阅读。如果是这样，有关学校视力筛查的公共政策可能需要改变。此外，如果视觉技能训练被证明可以有效提高阅读成绩，那么新的、高效的、经济上强大的课堂技术可能会出现。