Ethnic disparities in the psychosocial and neurocognitive predictors of health ou

健康状况的心理社会和神经认知预测因素中的种族差异

• 批准号: 7693166
• 负责人: KAREN I WILSON
• 金额: $ 14.2万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV-DOMINGUEZ HILLS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-26 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7693166
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Affect; African American; Area; Award; Buffers; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic stress; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Employee Strikes; Epidemic; Female; Funding; Future; Government; HIV; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Psychology; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; High Prevalence; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy; Human; Hypertension; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Medical; Mental Health; Mentors; Minority; Morbidity - disease rate; Multivariate Analysis; NIH Program Announcements; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pilot Projects; Population; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Psychosocial Factor; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Spirituality; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Time; Treatment Protocols; United States; Virus Diseases; coping; demographics; effective intervention; enhancing factor; experience; health disparity; improved; interest; intervention program; low socioeconomic status; male; medication compliance; mortality; optimism; physical conditioning; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; public health relevance; resilience; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed pilot study responds to the program announcement PAR-08-027, Support of Competitive Research (SCORE) Pilot Project Award (SC2), and will allow the principal investigator to gather preliminary data in a new area of research. Under the guidance of an accomplished mentor, the PI will examine: 1) psychosocial and neurocognitive issues associated with positive health outcome in those with HIV/AIDS and 2) ethnic disparities in the resilience and health status of HIV seropositive African American and White adults. As HIV/AIDS is reconceptualized as a chronic condition, there is an increased need for knowledge of factors contributing to the long term adjustment and successful coping among HIV+ persons in order to develop new interventions with the potential to maximize mental and physical health and well being. In addition, despite the changing demographics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the high prevalence of HIV infection in African Americans, there is a paucity of research investigating ethnic disparities as it relates to health outcome. An objective of the proposed study is to explore neurocognitive and psychosocial factors contributing to the disparities seen in the health outcome of 190 HIV-infected adults. Multivariate analyses of variance will be used to first examine ethnic disparities with respect to health outcome, and a regression approach will be used to identify those factors that predict positive health outcome. Data obtained from the current study could result in a better understanding of HIV-related health issues. The results could also lead to the development of effective, culturally-appropriate interventions that would improve the health of individuals with HIV/AIDS and reduce financial burden due to health care costs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed investigation will identify salient characteristics and factors that enhance resilience in HIV+ individuals and could lead to the development of new culturally relevant and effective intervention programs. Such interventions could reduce rates of psychological distress common in individuals with HIV, improve adherence to medication regimens, decrease rates of co-occurring chronic conditions and substance abuse, reduce health care costs and the need for government assistance, and improve the overall health and well being of those living with HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的试点研究对计划公告PAR-08-027，竞争研究（SCOCE）PILOT项目奖（SC2）做出了回应，并将允许首席研究人员在新的研究领域中收集初步数据。在有成就的导师的指导下，PI将检查：1）与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的积极健康结果相关的社会心理和神经认知问题，以及2）艾滋病毒血清阳性非裔美国人和白人成年人的韧性和健康状况的种族差异。由于艾滋病毒/艾滋病被重新概念化为慢性病，因此对有助于长期调整和成功应对艾滋病毒+人的因素的知识的需求越来越多，以开发新的干预措施，以最大程度地提高精神和身体健康以及健康。此外，尽管艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病的人口统计以及非洲裔美国人的艾滋病毒感染率很高，但研究与健康结果有关的研究很少研究种族差异。拟议的研究的一个目的是探索神经认知和社会心理因素，导致190名HIV感染成年人的健康结果所见的差异。多元方差分析将用于首先检查有关健康结果的种族差异，并将使用回归方法来确定那些预测健康结果积极的因素。从当前研究获得的数据可能会使人们对与HIV相关的健康问题有更好的了解。结果还可能导致开发有效的，具有文化的干预措施，这将改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的健康，并因医疗保健费用而减轻经济负担。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的调查将确定显着的特征和因素，从而增强艾滋病毒+个人的韧性，并可能导致发展新的文化相关和有效的干预计划。这种干预措施可以降低艾滋病毒患者常见的心理困扰率，提高对药物治疗方案的依从性，降低同时发生的慢性病和滥用毒品的率，减少医疗保健成本和政府援助的需求，并改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的整体健康以及福祉。