Identifying neural circuits that support effortful listening

识别支持努力倾听的神经回路

• 批准号: 10664010
• 负责人: Kelsey Anbuhl
• 金额: $ 13.23万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10664010
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adolescence; Adolescent; Animals; Anxiety; Area; Atrophic; Attention; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Physiology; Auditory area; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Chalk; Chronic; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Comprehension; Custom; Data; Development; Discrimination; Earplug; Educational workshop; Electrodes; Environment; Excision; Exhibits; Fatigue; Foundations; Genetic; Gerbils; Goals; Head; Human; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Infusion procedures; Intervention; Interview; Job Application; Learning; Measures; Mediating; Medicine; Mental Depression; Mental Fatigue; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Minnesota; Modeling; Muscimol; Neurons; Neurosciences; New York; Occupations; Perception; Performance; Persons; Phase; Physiological; Population; Psyche structure; Psychometrics; Publications; Pupil; Quality of life; Research; Resources; Rodent; Science; Sensory; Speech; Stimulus; Task Performances; Technical Expertise; Testing; Tracer; Training; Universities; Withdrawal; attenuation; awake; career; cingulate cortex; cognitive skill; college; design; designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; indexing; insight; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; normal hearing; pharmacologic; programs; recruit; remediation; response; skills; social; sound; success; wireless

Project Summary/Abstract Candidate: My long-term career goal is to establish an independent research program focusing on the neural mechanisms of listening effort, and explore how adolescent hearing loss alters this mechanism. My previous training has provided me with a strong foundation in acoustics, auditory physiology, behavioral neuroscience, and hearing loss-induced deficits in sensory processing and perception. I propose to expand my skillset with additional training in cognitive mechanisms of auditory perception, awake-behaving recordings, pharmacological and chemogenetic attenuation of neural activity in awake-behaving animals, and pupillometric measures. During the K99 phase, I will continue working towards independence by developing the intellectual and technical skills needed for success. This includes attending workshops on putting together a successful job application and chalk talk, and learning effective strategies for the job interview and lab management. By the end of the R00 phase, I will have a strong publication record and the preliminary data needed for a successful R01 application. Environment: The K99 phase of the award will take place in the Center for Neural Science at New York University (NYU), an excellent environment for the proposed training. My primary mentor, Dr. Dan Sanes, has 30+ years of experience in developmental auditory neuroscience. He will provide his expertise and mentorship in all areas of my training, including auditory sensory processing, hearing loss-induced sensory and cognitive deficits, and awake-behaving methods. Additional mentoring will be provided by Dr. Matthew McGinley (Baylor College of Medicine), an expert on attentional auditory mechanisms and rodent pupillometry, and Dr. Matthew Winn (University of Minnesota), an expert on listening effort and hearing loss. Research: Listening to speech requires intact sensory and cognitive processing. For those with hearing loss, additional mental effort is often required, resulting in cognitive fatigue that can have long-term negative implications for quality of life. However, the neural mechanisms underlying effortful listening, and how hearing loss alters this mechanism, is uncertain. This proposal will identify a cortical network that is engaged during an effort-based auditory task, and use perturbations of neural activity to determine whether candidate regions are required for task performance during difficult listening conditions (K99). Next, I will use wireless neural recordings in sensory and non-sensory cortical areas, along with pupillometry approaches, to explore how adolescent hearing loss disrupts this cortical mechanism (R00).

项目概要/摘要 候选人：我的长期职业目标是建立一个专注于神经网络的独立研究项目 听力努力的机制，并探讨青少年听力损失如何改变这种机制。我以前的 培训为我在声学、听觉生理学、行为神经科学、 以及听力损失引起的感觉处理和感知缺陷。我建议扩展我的技能 听觉感知、清醒行为记录、药理学认知机制的额外培训 清醒动物神经活动的化学遗传学衰减，以及瞳孔测量。期间 在 K99 阶段，我将继续通过发展智力和技术技能来实现独立 成功所需要的。这包括参加有关如何整理成功的工作申请的研讨会，以及 粉笔演讲，学习求职面试和实验室管理的有效策略。到R00结束时 阶段，我将拥有良好的发表记录以及成功 R01 申请所需的初步数据。 环境：该奖项的K99阶段将在纽约神经科学中心进行 大学（NYU），为建议的培训提供了良好的环境。我的主要导师 Dan Sanes 博士 在发育听觉神经科学领域拥有 30 多年的经验。他将提供他的专业知识和指导 在我训练的所有领域，包括听觉感觉处理、听力损失引起的感觉和认知 缺陷和清醒行为方法。 Matthew McGinley 博士（贝勒大学）将提供额外指导 医学院），注意力听觉机制和啮齿动物瞳孔测量专家，马修博士 Winn（明尼苏达大学），听力努力和听力损失方面的专家。 研究：听语音需要完整的感觉和认知处理。对于有听力损失的人来说， 通常需要额外的脑力劳动，导致认知疲劳，从而产生长期的负面影响 对生活质量的影响。然而，努力倾听背后的神经机制，以及听力如何 损失会改变这种机制，是不确定的。该提案将确定一个在 基于努力的听觉任务，并使用神经活动的扰动来确定候选区域是否 在困难的听力条件下执行任务所需的（K99）。接下来，我将使用无线神经记录 在感觉和非感觉皮层区域，以及瞳孔测量方法，探索青少年如何 听力损失会破坏这种皮质机制 (R00)。