SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF ADULT, AGING AND ELDERLY HEALTH

成人、老龄化和老年人健康的社会决定因素

• 批准号: 7616420
• 负责人: ANGUS S. DEATON
• 金额: $ 24.38万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7616420
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; African; African American; Age; Aging; American; Behavior; Behavioral; British; Caring; Cause of Death; Cities; Cohort Studies; Complement; Consumption; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Disease; Economics; Education; Elderly; Employment; Etiology; Event; Funding; Gender; Growth; Hand; Health; Health Status; Healthcare; Household; Income; Income Distributions; India; Individual; Inequality; International; Lead; Life Cycle Stages; Manuals; Medical; Medicine; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Population; Poverty; Questionnaires; Race; Rate; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Research Project Grants; Retirement; Risk Factors; Role; Science; Series; Services; Sex Characteristics; Social Policies; Socioeconomic Status; South Africa; Speed; Surveys; Time; United States; Work; Youth; age group; base; insight; member; middle age; mortality; programs; racism; social; socioeconomics

We propose to examine the social determinants of health, particularly the relationship between income, consumption, education, race, and health. Our overarching theme is the attempt to disentangle the relative contributions to health of social versus medical determinants, and we explore this theme within six specific research questions. (1) Why are mortality rates in the US higher in places where African Americans are a larger share of the population? What are the relative roles of racism and poverty on the one hand, and provision of medical services on the other? (2) How does the way that self-reported health status deteriorates with age depend on work, income, and gender? Is manual work a primary determinant of the speed of aging? (3) Is the gradient in health determined by technical progress in medicine? In particular, does the gradient widen when there is particularly rapid technical progress for a specific disease? (4) How does the gradient grow in youth and diminish in old-age? How much do social factors matter when history is adequately controlled? (5) How does health vary with the allocation of goods within the household? (6) How do declines in age-specific mortality relate to (widely varying) national patterns of growth and inequality on the one hand, and to more or less internationally uniform changes in technical progress in medical care on the other? What is the role of national patterns of health-related-behaviors? Each of these questions is tied together by the fact that there are competing answers, some of which are largely "social" and some of which are largely "medical." Each is also an important research project in its own right.

我们建议研究健康的社会决定因素，尤其是收入，消费，教育，种族和健康之间的关系。我们的总体主题是试图解开对社会决定因素健康和医疗决定因素健康的相对贡献，我们在六个特定的研究问题中探讨了这一主题。 （1）为什么在非洲裔美国人占人口较大的地方，美国为什么死亡率更高？一方面，种族主义和贫穷的相对作用是什么，另一方面提供了医疗服务？ （2）自我报告的健康状况随着年龄的增长的方式如何取决于工作，收入和性别？手动工作是衰老速度的主要决定因素吗？ （3）健康梯度是否取决于医学的技术进步？特别是，当特定疾病的技术进步特别快速时，梯度是否会扩大？ （4）年轻人的梯度如何增长并在老年中减少？社会因素有多少 历史何时得到充分控制的事情？ （5）健康与家庭内部的商品分配有何不同？ （6）一方面，特定年龄的死亡率下降与（广泛变化的）国家的增长和不平等现象有关，以及或多或少的国际医疗技术进度变化或另一方面的国际统一变化？国家与健康相关的国家模式的作用是什么？这些问题中的每一个都与有竞争的答案相关联，其中有些在很大程度上是“社会”，而其中一些则在很大程度上是“医学”。每个人本身也是一个重要的研究项目。