EFFECTS OF DIETARY MACRONUTRIENT INTAKE AND RESISTANCE TRAINING EXERCISE ON G

膳食大量营养素摄入量和抗阻训练对体重的影响

• 批准号: 7950609
• 负责人: Agneta Lisbeth Sunehag
• 金额: $ 1.16万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7950609
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Arts; Body Weight decreased; Body fat; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Development; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Etiology; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Funding; Gluconeogenesis; Grant; Hepatic; Incidence; Institution; Insulin; Intake; Lead; Lipolysis; Macronutrients Nutrition; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metabolic; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Overweight; Physical activity; Prevalence; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resources; Source; Techniques; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Visceral; abstracting; glucose metabolism; glucose production; glycogenolysis; improved; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; oxidation; programs; stable isotope; strength training; type 2 diabetes in children

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. ABSTRACT Over the past 30 y the prevalence of overweight children (6-19 y) in the USA (BMV>95th percentile) has increased 3-fold to reach 16% in 2000 (NHANES). Concomitant with the increase in childhood overweight, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children (0-19 y) has increased 4-fold. Although the etiology of obesity related impairement of glucose metabolism is multifactorial, dietary macronutrient intake and physical activity are potentially important factors. The aims of this proposal are to determine in healthy adolescents 1) the impact of obesity on energy expenditure and substrate oxidation, glucose production from gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, insulin secretion and sensitivity, and lipolysis; 2) whether a 12 weeks resistance training exercise program will improve glucose metabolism in obese adolescents, and if so, 3) whether the exercise effect is correlated with a decrease in total intramyocellular, visceral and/or hepatic fat content. To address these questions, 12 over weight (body fat >30%) and 12 lean (body fat <25%) adolecents will be studied on two occasions (just prior to the start of a 12 weeks exercise program and at the end of the last week of exercise); in all subjects, each of the two study occasions will be preceded by 7-d of a high fat diet. State of the art stable isotope-GCMS techniques and MRI will be sued to obtain the data needed to address the aims stated above. The information provided by these studies will improve our understanding of the metabolic effects of obesity in adolescents, will lead to identifying factors which may increase, prvent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes. It will also help us determine whether strength exercise without intent to weight loss will improve insulin sensitivity and normalize glucose metabolism in over weight adolescents. HYPOTHESIS Overall hypotheses: Resistance training exercise (without intent of weight loss) improves insulin sensitivity, normalizes glucose metabolism and reduces intramyocellular, visceral and hepatic fat in healthy obese adolescents. Specific hypotheses: H1. A 12 weeks resistance exercise program (x 2/week, 1 h/session) increases insulin sensitivity in obese adolescents, but not in already insulin sensitive lean adolescents. H2. The exercise-induced changes in insulin snesitivity are inversely correlated with exercise-induced changes in intramyocellular fat content. H3. A 12 weeks resistance exercise program will normalize gluconeogenesis in obese adolescents by reducing hepatic fat accumulation. SPECIFIC AIMS To determine whether a 12 weeks resitance training exercise program (x 2/week; 1 h/session) would increase insulin sensitivity, reduce gluconeogenesis and decrease intramyocellular and hepatic fat content in obese adolescents.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 抽象的 在过去的30年中，美国超重儿童（6-19岁）的患病率（BMV> 95％）在2000年增加了3倍，达到16％（NHANES）。 随着儿童期超重的增加，儿童2型糖尿病的发生率（0-19 y）增加了4倍。 尽管与肥胖相关的葡萄糖代谢相关的病因是多因素的，但饮食中的大量营养素摄入和体育活动是潜在的重要因素。 该提案的目的是确定健康的青少年1）肥胖对能量消耗和底物氧化，糖异生和糖基溶解的葡萄糖产生，胰岛素分泌和敏感性以及脂肪解的影响； 2）12周的抵抗训练运动计划是否会改善肥胖青少年的葡萄糖代谢，如果是的话，3）运动效应是否与总体细胞内，内脏和/或肝脂肪含量的减少相关。 为了解决这些问题，将两次（就在一个12周的运动计划开始之前，在运动的最后一周结束时，将研究12个体重（体内脂肪> 30％）和12个瘦（体内脂肪<25％）的瘦肉；在所有受试者中，两个研究场合中的每一个都将在高脂肪饮食的7-D之前。 最先进的同位素-GCMS技术和MRI将被起诉，以获取解决上述目标所需的数据。 这些研究提供的信息将提高我们对青少年肥胖代谢作用的理解，这将导致识别可能增加，普尔文特或延迟2型糖尿病的发展的因素。 它还将帮助我们确定力量锻炼是否无意减轻体重会提高胰岛素敏感性，并使体重过度青少年的葡萄糖代谢正常化。 假设 总体假设：耐药性训练运动（无意图减肥）可以提高胰岛素的敏感性，使葡萄糖代谢归一化，并减少健康肥胖青少年的细胞内，内脏和肝脂肪。 特定假设：H1。 一项12周的抵抗运动计划（x 2/周，1小时/疗程）增加了肥胖青少年的胰岛素敏感性，但在已经胰岛素敏感的瘦青少年中并不能增加胰岛素的敏感性。 H2。 运动引起的胰岛素sn性变化与运动引起的细胞内脂肪含量的变化成反比。 H3。 一项12周的抵抗运动计划将通过减少肝脂肪的积累来使肥胖青少年的糖异生正常化。 具体目标 为了确定12周的重度训练练习计划（x 2/周； 1 h/session）会提高胰岛素敏感性，降低糖异生并减少肥胖青少年中的大细胞内和肝脂肪含量。